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war planning staff

Толкование Перевод

1 war planning staff

Военный термин: штаб военного планирования

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > war planning staff
2 war planning staff

штаб военного планирования

English-Russian military dictionary > war planning staff
3 staff

штаб; личный состав, ЛС (управления, штаба) ; персонал; разг. штабной сержант; укомплектовывать ЛС; см. тж. headquarters

Allied staff, Berlin — объединенный штаб в Западном Берлине (представителей США, Великобритании и Франции)

— administrative staff

— advisory staff

— AG's staff

— air staff

— Air staff

— allied staff

— analysis staff

— Army General staff

— Army staff

— artillery staff

— augmented staff

— battle staff

— Canadian Defence liaison staff

— central staff

— combat staff

— combined military planning staff

— combined staff

— command staff

— commissioned staff

— conducting staff

— controlling staff

— coordinating staff

— covert action staff

— cryptographic staff

— Defence Force staff

— Defence staff

— departmental staff

— directing staff

— directorate-type staff

— engineer staff

— enlisted staff

— evaluation staff

— executive staff

— field service staff

— foreign intelligence staff

— general staff with troops

— general staff

— General staff

— HQ staff

— in-house staff

— instructional staff

— integrated staff

— intelligence staff

— International Military staff

— International staff

— joint exercise planning staff

— joint fire support control staff

— Joint staff

— Joint Strategic Target Planning staff

— junior staff

— liaison staff

— military staff

— Naval staff

— Navy staff

— NSC staff

— operational staff

— parallel staff

— personal staff

— planning staff

— priority of movement staff

— psychological warfare and paramilitary staff

— QM staff

— senior staff

— Service staff

— shore staff

— special staff

— staffs in the field

— tri-service staff

— troop staff

— umpire staff

— unit staff

— war planning staff

English-Russian military dictionary > staff
4 director

начальник (управления, службы, отдела) ; руководитель; директор; ( центральный) прибор управления огнем; прибор управления артиллерийским зенитным огнем, ПУАЗО; целеуказатель; оператор наведения; пункт [самолет, корабль] наведения; ретранслятор; буссоль

Assistant director, Review and Analysis — помощник начальника управления по проверке и анализу (контрактов) (МО)

Deputy CIA director, Essential Elements of Information — заместитель директора ЦРУ по постановке основных задач сбора разведывательной информации

Deputy director of Defense Research and Engineering for Administration, Evaluation and Management — заместитель начальника управления НИОКР МО по административным вопросам, вопросам оценки и управления

Deputy director, Contract Administration Services — заместитель начальника службы по контролю за исполнением контрактов (МО)

Deputy director, Strategic and Naval Warfare Systems — заместитель начальника управления по стратегическим и морским системам оружия (МО)

Deputy director, Tactical Air and Land Warfare Systems — заместитель начальника управления по тактическим авиационным и наземным системам оружия (МО)

Deputy director, Test Facilities and Resources — заместитель начальника управления по испытательному оборудованию и ресурсам (МО)

director EW and C3 Countermeasures — начальник управления РЭБ и мер противодействия системам руководства, управления и связи (МО)

director for C3 Policy — начальник управления разработки программ руководства, управления и связи (МО)

director for Operations, Joint Staff — начальник оперативного управления объединенного штаба (КНШ)

director for Plans and Policy, Joint Staff — начальник управления планирования и строительства ВС объединенного штаба;

director of Administrative Services, Joint Staff — начальник административного управления объединенного штаба

director of C2 and Telecommunications — начальник управления систем оперативного управления и связи

director of Civilian Marksmanship, National Board for the Promotion of Rifle Practice — начальник управления стрелковой подготовки гражданского персонала Национального комитета содействия развитию стрелкового спорта (СВ)

director of Manning (Army) — Бр. начальник управления комплектования (СВ)

director of Research, Development, Test and Evaluation — начальник управления НИОКР, испытаний и оценок

director, Acquisition and Support Planning — начальник управления закупок (военной техники) и планирования МТО (МО)

director, Administrative Support Group — начальник группы административного обеспечения (СВ)

director, Admiralty Marine Technology Establishment — Бр. начальник управления разработки боевой техники МП

director, Admiralty Surface Weapons Establishment — Бр. начальник управления разработки систем надводного оружия ВМС

director, African Region — начальник управления стран Африки (МО)

director, Air National Guard — директор штаба НГ ВВС

director, Air Vehicles Technology — начальник управления разработки авиационных транспортных систем (МО)

director, Air Warfare — начальник управления авиационных систем оружия (МО)

director, Army Air Corps — Бр. начальник управления армейской авиации СВ

director, Army Aviation — начальник управления армейской авиации

director, Army Council of Review Boards — председатель совета СВ по контролю за деятельностью апелляционных комиссий

director, Army Medical Services — Бр. начальник медицинской службы СВ

director, Army National Guard — директор штаба НГ СВ

director, Army Programs — начальник управления разработки программ СВ

director, C3 Resources — начальник управления разработки систем руководства, управления и связи (МО)

director, Chemical Defence Establishment — Бр. директор НИЦ средств химической защиты

director, Civil Affairs — начальник управления по связям с гражданской администрацией и населением

director, Civilian Employees Security Program — начальник службы контрразведывательной проверки гражданского персонала (СВ)

director, Combat Support — начальник управления боевого обеспечения (МО)

director, Communications Systems — начальник управления систем связи (МО)

director, Contracts and Systems Acquisition — начальник управления заключения контрактов и закупок систем оружия и военной техники (МО)

director, Coordination and Analysis — начальник управления координации и анализа

director, Counterintelligence and Investigative Programs — начальник управления программ контрразведки и специальных расследований (МО)

director, Cruise Missile Systems — начальник управления систем КР (МО)

director, Defence Operational Analysis Establishment — Бр. начальник военнонаучного управления МО

director, Defense Research and Engineering — начальник управления НИОКР МО

director, Defense Sciences — начальник научно-исследовательского управления МО

director, Defense Supply Service-Washington — начальник службы снабжения зоны Вашингтона в МО

director, Defense Telephone Service-Washington — начальник телефонной службы зоны Вашингтона в МО

director, Defense Test and Evaluation — начальник управления МО по испытанию и оценке (оружия и военной техники)

director, DIA — начальник разведывательного управления МО

director, Directed Energy Programs — начальник управления программ использования направленной энергии (МО)

director, Doctrine, Organization and Training — начальник управления разработки доктрин, вопросов организации и боевой подготовки

director, DOD SALT Task Force — председатель рабочей группы МО по вопросам переговоров в рамках ОС В

director, East Asia and Pacific Region — начальник управления стран Восточной Азии и Тихого океана (МО)

director, Electronics and Physical Sciences — начальник управления по электронике и естественным наукам (МО)

director, Engineering Technology — начальник управления проектно-конструкторских работ (МО)

director, Environmental and Life Sciences — начальник управления экологических и биологических наук (МО)

director, Equipment Applications — начальник управления по изучению применения техники (в войсках)

director, Facilities Engineering — начальник инженерно-строительного управления

director, Far East/Middle East/Southern Hemisphere Affairs — начальник управления стран Дальнего Востока, Среднего Востока и Южного полушария (МО)

director, Federal Bureau of Investigation — директор ФБР

director, Field Maintenance — начальник службы полевого технического обслуживания и ремонта

director, Foreign Military Rights Affairs — начальник управления по делам прав иностранных государств в военной области (МО)

director, General Purpose Forces Policy — начальник управления разработки вопросов строительства сил общего назначения

director, Health Resources — начальник управления ресурсов здравоохранения

director, Information Processing Technique — начальник управления систем обработки информации (МО)

director, Information Security — начальник управления обеспечения секретности информации (МО)

director, Information Systems — начальник управления АИС

director, Installations — начальник управления строительства

director, Intelligence Resources — начальник управления изучения ресурсов разведки (МО)

director, Inter-American Region — начальник управления по межамериканским делам

director, International Economic Affairs — начальник управления по международным экономическим делам (МО)

director, International Military Staff — начальник международного объединенного штаба (НАТО)

director, Joint Staff — начальник секретариата объединенного штаба (КНШ)

director, Joint Tactical Communications (TRI-TAC) Program — начальник отдела работ по программе использования единой тактической системы связи (ТРИ-ТАК)

director, Judge Advocate Division — начальник отдела военно-юридической службы (МП)

director, Land Warfare — начальник управления наземных систем оружия (МО)

director, Legislative Liaison — начальник отдела по связям с законодательными органами (ВВС)

director, Legislative Reference Service — начальник справочной юридической службы (МО)

director, Major Weapon Systems Acquisition — начальник управления закупок основных систем оружия (МО)

director, Marine Corps Reserve — начальник отдела по вопросам резерва МП

director, Materiel Acquisition Policy — начальник управления разработки планов закупок оружия и военной техники (МО)

director, Materiel Requirements — начальник отдела определения потребностей в оружии и военной технике

director, Medical Plans and Resources — начальник управления ресурсов и планов медицинского обеспечения (ВВС)

director, Military Assistance Office — Бр. начальник управления по оказанию военной помощи иностранным государствам (СВ)

director, Military Survey — Бр. начальник топографического управления (СВ)

director, Military Technology — начальник управления военной технологии (МО)

director, Military Vehicles and Engineering Establishment — Бр. начальник управления БМ и инженерной техники

director, National Intelligence Systems — начальник управления национальных систем разведки (МО)

director, NATO/European Affairs — начальник управления по делам НАТО и стран Европы (МО)

director, Naval Laboratories — начальник управления научно-исследовательских лабораторий ВМС

director, Near Eastern and South Asian Region — начальник управления стран Ближнего Востока и Южной Азии (МО)

director, Negotiations Policy — начальник управления разработки планов ведения переговоров (МО)

director, Net Assessment — начальник управления всесторонней оценки программ (МО)

director, NSA — директор АНБ

director, Offensive and Space Systems — начальник управления космических средств и систем наступательного оружия (МО)

director, Office of Congressional Travel/Security Clearances — начальник отдела организации поездок членов Конгресса и оформления допуска к секретным материалам (МО)

director, Office of Dependents Schools — начальник отдела по вопросам воспитания и образования детей военнослужащих (МО)

director, Office of Research and Administration — начальник управления НИР и административного обеспечения (МО)

director, Operations — начальник оперативного управления [отдела]

director, Personnel and Employment Service-Washington — начальник отдела кадров для гражданских служащих зоны Вашингтона (СВ)

director, Personnel Council — председатель совета по делам ЛС (ВВС)

director, Personnel Plans — начальник управления планирования подготовки ЛС (ВВС)

director, Personnel Programs — начальник управления разработки программ использования ЛС (ВВС)

director, Planning and Health Policy Analysis — начальник управления планирования и развития здравоохранения (МО)

director, Planning and Requirements Review — начальник управления планирования и анализа потребностей (МО)

director, Planning — начальник управления планирования (МО)

director, Plans and Programs — начальник управления разработки планов и программ

director, Policy Research — начальник управления политических исследований (МО)

director, Program Control and Administration — начальник управления по административным вопросам и контролю за выполнением программ

director, Program Management — начальник управления по руководству разработкой программ (МО)

director, R&D and Procurement — начальник отдела НИОКР и заготовок

director, Religious Education — руководитель отделения [секции] религиозного образования (СВ)

director, Resource Management Office — начальник отдела управления ресурсами (СВ)

director, Royal Aircraft Establishment — Бр. директор НИЦ авиационной техники

director, Royal Armament R&D Establishment — Бр. директор НИЦ вооружений

director, Royal Armored Corps — Бр. начальник бронетанковых войск

director, Royal Artillery — Бр. начальник артиллерийского управления

director, Royal Signals and Radar Establishments — Бр. директор НИЦ средств связи и РЛ техники

director, SALT/Arms Control Support Group — начальник группы обеспечения переговоров в рамках ОСВ по контролю над вооружениями

director, Security Assistance Plans and Programs — начальник управления разработки планов и программ военной помощи иностранным государствам

director, Security Plans and Programs — начальник управления разработки планов и программ обеспечения безопасности (МО)

director, Space Activities Office — начальник управления космических программ (МО)

director, Space and Building Management Service-Washington — начальник службы эксплуатации объектов зоны Вашингтона (СВ)

director, Space Systems — начальник управления космических систем (ВВС)

director, Special Projects — начальник управления специальных проектов (МО)

director, Special Studies — начальник управления специальных НИР

director, Special Weapons — начальник управления специальных видов оружия

director, Strategic and Theater C2 Systems — начальник управления разработки систем руководства и управления ВС в стратегическом масштабе и на ТВД

director, Strategic Forces Policy — начальник управления разработки вопросов развития стратегических сил

director, Strategic Planning — начальник отдела стратегического планирования

director, Strategic Plans — начальник отдела стратегического планирования

director, Strategic Policy — начальник управления разработки стратегических проблем (МО)

director, Strategic Technology — начальник управления разработки стратегических систем оружия (МО)

director, Studies and Analyses Staff — начальник отдела исследований и анализа (СВ)

director, Surveillance and Warning — начальник управления систем наблюдения и оповещения (МО)

director, Tactical Intelligence Systems — начальник управления тактических систем разведки (МО)

director, Tactical Technology — начальник управления разработки тактических систем оружия (МО)

director, Technology and Arms Transfer Policy — начальник управления разработки основ передачи военной технологии и вооружений

director, Technology Trade — начальник управления по торговым операциям в области технологии

director, Territorial Army and Cadets — Бр. начальник управления территориальной армии и кадетских организаций

director, Theater Nuclear Force Policy — начальник управления разработки программ развития ядерных сил на ТВД

director, Underwater Weapons Projects — Бр. начальник отдела разработки проектов подводного оружия

director, USAF Judiciary — начальник отдела судопроизводства ВВС США

director, Washington Headquarters Services — начальник административноштабной службы зоны Вашингтона

director, Weapons (Production) — Бр. начальник управления по производству систем оружия

director, Women's RAF — Бр. начальник женской вспомогательной службы ВВС

director, Women's Royal Naval Service — Бр. начальник женской вспомогательной службы ВМС

Executive director, Industrial Security — начальник управления обеспечения сохранения военной тайны на промышленных предприятиях (МО)

Executive director, Quality Assurance — начальник управления обеспечения качества (продукции МО)

Executive director, Technical and Logistics Services — начальник управления служб МТО (МО)

Managing director, Royal Ordnance Factories — Бр. начальник управления военных заводов

Principal director Office of the Deputy Under-Secretary, Policy Planning — начальник управления [первый помощник заместителя МО] по планированию военно-политических программ

Staff director, Installation Services and Environmental Protection — начальник управления обслуживания объектов и защиты окружающей среды (МО)

Staff director, Management Review — начальник управления анализа организационных проблем (МО)

Staff director, Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization — начальник управления по связям с мелкими и льготными предприятиями (МО)

Vice director, Management and Operations Defense Intelligence Agency — первый заместитель начальника разведывательного управления МО по вопросам руководства операциями

— AA director

— artillery director

— assistant deputy director

— Assistant director of Ordnance Stores

— assistant director

— Associate director for Financial and Manpower Audits

— Associate director for Intelligence and Communications Audits

— Associate director for Special Program Audits

— CIA director

— Deputy Assistant director of Ordnance Stores

— deputy assistant director

— deputy associate director

— Deputy director for Advanced Technology

— Deputy director for Research

— Deputy director of Defense Research and Engineering for Electronics and Information Systems

— Deputy director of Defense Research and Engineering for Research and Technology

— Deputy director of Defense Research and Engineering for Strategic and Space Systems

— Deputy director of Defense Research and Engineering for Tactical Warfare Programs

— Deputy director of Ordnance Stores

— deputy director

— director for Administrative Support

— director for Audiovisual Management Policy

— director for Community Relations

— director for Counterintelligence and Security Policy

— director for Defense Information

— director for External Affairs

— director for Freedom of Information and Security Review

— director for Industrial Security Clearance Review

— director for Intelligence Policy

— director for Legislative Liaison

— director for Logistics Joint Staff

— director for Management

— director for Public Affairs

— director for Scientific and Technical Intelligence

— director for Tactical Operations

— director of Administration

— director of Administrative Planning

— director of Admission

— director of Armament Development

— director of Army Contracts

— director of Army Education

— director of Army Legal Services

— director of Army Medicine and Consulting Physician to the Army

— director of Army Pathology and Consulting Pathologist

— director of Army Physical Training Corps

— director of Army Postal Services

— director of Army Quartering

— director of Army Recruiting

— director of Army Royal Signals

— director of Army Staff Duties director

— director of Army Surgery and Consulting Surgeon to the Army

— director of Army Technical Information

— director of Army Training

— director of Army Welfare and Education

— director of Budget

— director of Central Intelligence

— director of Civil Law

— director of Civilian Personnel

— director of Combat Development

— director of Computer Resources

— director of Construction

— director of Contracting and Acquisition Policy

— director of Cost and Management Analysis

— director of Defense Program Analysis and Evaluation

— director of Development and Programming

— director of Economic Adjustment

— director of Education

— director of Engineer Stores

— director of Engineering and Housing

— director of Engineering and Services

— director of Equipment and Requirements

— director of Estimates

— director of European Interallied Planning

— director of Evaluation

— director of Foreign Intelligence

— director of Fortifications and Works

— director of Graves Registration

— director of HQ Support

— director of Industrial Operations

— director of Infantry

— director of Instruction

— director of Intelligence

— director of International Logistics

— director of International Programs

— director of Joint Intelligence Bureau

— director of Logistics Plans and Programs

— director of Logistics

— director of Maintenance and Supply

— director of Maintenance

— director of Management and Resources

— director of Management and Support of Intelligence

— director of Manpower and Organization

— director of Manpower Planning

— director of Marine Corps History and Museums

— director of Mechanical Engineering

— director of Medical Policy and Plans

— director of Military Applications

— director of Military Intelligence

— director of Military Operations

— director of Missile Intelligence

— director of Movements

— director of Munitions

— director of Music

— director of NATO Standardization

— director of Naval Administration

— director of Naval Dental Services

— director of Naval Intelligence

— director of Naval Reserve

— director of Naval Ship Production

— director of Naval Warfare

— director of Navy Program Planning

— director of Officers Assignments

— director of Operational Requirements

— director of Operational Training

— director of Operations Air Defence

— director of Operations Air Transport

— director of Operations and Readiness

— director of Operations Division

— director of Ordnance Stores

— director of Organization and Training

— director of Personal Services

— director of Personnel Administration

— director of Personnel and Community Affairs

— director of Personnel and Security

— director of Personnel

— director of Plans

— director of Policy Air Staff

— director of Postings and Careers Kan

— director of Postings

— director of Procurement Policy

— director of Program Analysis and Evaluation

— director of Program Integration

— director of Programs

— director of Public Affairs

— director of Public Relations

— director of Quartering

— director of R&D

— director of Radio Engineering

— director of Regional Activities

— director of Reserve Affairs

— director of Royal Army Dental Corps

— director of Security

— director of Service Intelligence

— director of Service

— director of Ship Design and Engineering

— director of Signals

— director of Space Systems and

— director of Strategic Target Planning

— director of Supply and Maintenance

— director of Surface Weapon Projects

— director of Tactical Investigation

— director of tactics

— director of Technical Training

— director of the Army Staff

— director of Training Plans

— director of Transportation

— director of Weapons and Development

— director of Welfare Services

— director of Works

— duty director

— executive director

— exercise director

— exercise test director

— fighter director

— fire control director

— fiscal director

— food director

— funeral director

— ground director

— gun director

— illuminating director

— intercept director

— medical director

— missile director

— National Armaments director

— optronic AA fire director

— recreation center director

— safety director

— senior air director

— Staff director for Military Personnel

— staff director

— state civil defense director

— study director

— tactical air director

— TV AA fire director

— TV-laser AA fire director

— Vice director

— war game director

— weapons director

English-Russian military dictionary > director
5 office

управление; департамент; комитет; отдел; бюро; секретариат, канцелярия; разг. кабина экипажа

Joint Service Cruise Missile Program [Project] office — объединенное управление разработки КР (для ВВС и ВМС)

office of Information, Navy — информационное управление ВМС

office of Research, Development and Evaluation — управление НИОКР ВМС

office of the Chief, Army Reserve — управление резерва СВ

office of the Comptroller, Navy — управление главного финансового инспектора ВМС

office of the Deputy COFS for Research, Development and Acquisition — управление заместителя НШ по НИОКР и закупкам (СВ)

office, Aerospace Research — управление воздушно-космических исследований

office, Analysis and Review — управление анализа и контроля потребностей

office, Armor Force Management and Standardization — управление по вопросам администрации и стандартизации бронетанковых войск

office, Assistant COFS for Force Development — управление ПНШ по строительству ВС

office, Assistant COFS for Intelligence — управление ПНШ по разведке

office, Assistant COFS — управление [отдел] ПНШ

office, Assistant Secretary of Defense — аппарат [секретариат] ПМО

office, Chief of Chaplains — управление начальника службы военных священников (СВ)

office, Chief of Civil Affairs — управление по связям с гражданской администрацией и населением

office, Chief of Engineers — управление начальника инженерных войск

office, Chief of Finance (and Accounting) — управление начальника финансовой службы (СВ)

office, Chief of Legislative Liaison — отдел связи с законодательными органами

office, Chief of Ordnance — управление начальника артиллерийско-технической службы (СВ)

office, Chief of R&D — управление НИОКР (СВ)

office, Chief of Transportation — управление [отдел] начальника транспортной службы

office, Chief, Chemical Corps — управление начальника химической службы

office, COFS for Operations — оперативное управление НШ

office, COFS, Army — аппарат НШ СВ

office, Consolidated Personnel — управление гражданских рабочих и служащих

office, Coordinator of Army Studies — управление координатора разработок СВ

office, Defense Transportation — управление военно-транспортной службы

office, Deputy Chief of Naval Operations, Air Warfare — управление заместителя НШ ВМС по боевому применению авиации

office, Deputy COFS for Aviation — отдел заместителя НШ по авиации (МП)

office, Deputy COFS for Installations and Logistics — управление заместителя НШ по расквартированию и тыловому обеспечению

office, Deputy COFS for Manpower — управление заместителя НШ по людским ресурсам

office, Deputy COFS for Operations and Training — управление заместителя НШ по оперативной и боевой подготовке

office, Deputy COFS for Plans and Logistics — управление заместителя НШ по планированию тылового обеспечения

office, Development and Engineering — отдел технических разработок (ЦРУ)

office, Development and Weapon Systems Analysis — управление разработки и анализа систем вооружения

office, Director of Development Planning — управление планирования строительства (ВВС)

office, Director of Foreign Intelligence — управление начальника внешней разведки

office, Distribution Services — отдел распределения и рассылки картографических изданий (МО)

office, Economic Research — отдел экономических исследований (ЦРУ)

office, Emergency Transportation — управление чрезвычайных перевозок

office, Employment Policy and Grievance Review — отдел по вопросам занятости и рассмотрению жалоб (СВ)

office, Federal Procurement Policy — управление разработки федеральной политики в области закупок

office, Force Planning and Analysis — управление планирования и анализа строительства ВС

office, General Council — управление генерального юрисконсульта

office, Geographic and Cartographic Research — отдел географических и картографических исследований (ЦРУ)

office, Imagery Analysis — отдел анализа видовой информации (ЦРУ)

office, Information and Legal Affairs — управление информации и права (МО)

office, Information for. the Armed Forces — управление информации ВС

office, JCS — аппарат КНШ

office, Judge Advocate General — управление начальника военно-юридической службы

office, Management and Budget — административно-бюджетное управление

office, Military Assistance — управление по оказанию военной помощи

office, Personnel Manager — отдел кадров (СВ)

office, Services and Information Agency — отдел управления информационного обеспечения

office, Special Assistant for Logistical Support of Army Aircraft — отдел специального помощника по вопросам МТО армейской авиации

office, Special Assistant for Logistical Support of Tactical Communications — отдел специального помощника по вопросам МТО тактических систем связи

office, the Inspector General — управление генерального инспектора

office, the Legislative Affairs — управление военного законодательства

office, Under Secretary of Navy — аппарат заместителя министра ВМС

office, Under Secretary of the Air Force — аппарат заместителя министра ВВС

Personnel, Plans and Training office — отдел по вопросам ЛС, планирования и боевой подготовки

Strategic Objectives [Targets] Planning office — управление планирования стратегических задач (КНШ)

Strategic Submarine C2 office — отдел оперативного управления ПЛ стратегических сил

Surveillance, Target Acquisition and Night Observation System office — управление разработки систем наблюдения, засечки целей и ПНВ

— Adjutant General's office

— Administrative office

— admission office

— Air Attache Affairs office

— Air Force office of Security Police

— Air Force office of Special Investigations

— Air Force Post office

— Air Force Special Security office

— Air Land Programs office

— air reconnaissance liaison office

— Airlift Coordinating office

— ammunition office

— Antimissile Missile and Space Defense Projects office

— approving office

— Armed Forces Graves Registration office

— Army Air Defense Operations office

— Army Careers and Information office

— Army Electronics and Special Weapons office

— Army Force Modernization Coordination office

— Army Industry Material Information Liaison office

— Army Post office

— Army Procurement Research office

— Army R&D Information Systems office

— Army Research office

— Army Staff Military Assistance office

— Army Staff Operations office

— Army Staff Reserves office

— Army Staff Security office

— Army Staff TOE office

— Army Staff Topography office

— Army Staff Training office

— assault signal office

— beach signal office

— billeting office

— BM Construction office

— BM Defense Program office

— BM office

— branch field post office

— branch office

— British Forces Post office

— careers office

— Central Purchasing office

— Chief QM's office

— cipher office

— circulation control office

— Civilian Personnel office

— code office

— command issuing office

— Commercial Communications Policy office

— community post office

— company office

— Comptroller General's office

— counterfire duty office

— Crime and Intelligence office

— Defense Attache office

— Defense Commercial Communications office

— Defense Communications Engineering office

— Defense Communications Field office

— Defense foreign disclosure coordinating office

— Defense Materiel Specifications and Standards office

— Defense Property Disposal office

— Defense Research office

— Defense Staff office

— District Transportation office

— division ammunition office

— division army post office

— divisional office

— Equal Employment Opportunity office

— Executive office for the National Military Representative

— Executive office of the Secretary

— executive office

— Facilities Engineering office

— Facilities Supply office

— Field Buying office

— field personnel office

— field post office

— Fleet Post office

— forces post office

— Foreign Liaison office

— General Accounting office

— general military training office

— General Post office

— general reference office

— Graves Registration office

— High Energy Laser Systems office

— Highway Regulating office

— Housing office

— housing referral office

— Human Resources Research office

— Information office

— Information Tour and Travel office

— Inspection office

— intelligence office

— Intelligence-Producing office

— Joint Allied Military Petroleum office

— Joint Area Petroleum office

— law-enforcement office

— liaison office

— local recruiting office

— Logistical Assistance office

— Maintenance Interservice Support Management office

— Management Information Systems office

— medical regulating office

— Metropolitan Information office

— Military District Administrative office

— Military Personnel office

— Military Planning office

— military post office

— Military Satellite Communications office

— Munitions Control office

— National Intelligence Tasking office

— National Reconnaissance office

— NATO Airborne Early Warning Projects office

— Naval Aviation Engineering office

— Navy Information office

— Navy office

— Nuclear Cataloguing office

— office Director of Organization and Training

— office for Dependents' Medical Care

— office for the Freedom of Information

— office of Chief of Public Affairs

— office of Chief QM

— office of Chief Signal Officer

— office of Civil Defense

— office of Civil Operations

— office of Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services

— office of Civilian Manpower Management

— office of Communication Systems

— office of Community Services

— office of Defense and Civilian Mobilization

— office of Defense Cooperation

— office of Defense Management and Organization

— office of Defense Manpower

— office of Director of Intelligence

— office of Emergency Planning

— office of Emergency Preparedness

— office of Emergency Service

— office of Guided Missiles

— office of Industrial Personnel Access Authorization Review

— office of Industrial Relations

— office of Industrial Security

— office of Military Government for Berlin Sector

— office of Military Government

— office of Military Instruction

— office of Military Leadership

— office of Naval Administration

— office of Naval Inspector General

— office of Naval Inspectors of Ordnance

— office of Naval Intelligence

— office of Naval Operations

— office of Naval Research

— office of Naval Reserve

— office of Naval Warfare

— office of Naval Weapons

— office of Naval Weather Service

— office of NBC Warfare

— office of Ocean Affairs

— office of origin

— office of Personnel

— office of Planning and Management

— office of Primary Concern

— office of Primary Responsibility

— office of Procurement and Materiel

— office of Procurement and Policy

— office of Program Appraisal

— office of Regional and Political Analysis

— office of Research Analysis

— office of Reserve Components

— office of Safety and Nuclear Surety

— office of Security Police

— office of Security Review

— office of Selective Service Records

— office of SIGINT

— office of Space Systems

— office of Special Investigations

— office of Special Weapons Development

— office of Strategic Information

— office of Strategic Offensive and Defensive Systems

— office of Strategic Plans

— office of Support Services

— office of Systems and Financial Management

— office of Technical Information

— office of Technical Services

— office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense/Public Affairs

— office of the Chief Chemical Officer

— office of the Chief of CW Service

— office of the Chief of Finance

— office of the Chief of Information

— office of the Chief of Military History

— office of the Chief of Naval Operations

— office of the Chief of Special Warfare

— office of the Chief of Support Services

— office of the Chief Signal Officer

— office of the Chief Surgeon

— office of the Commanding General

— office of the Deputy COFS for Logistics

— office of the Deputy COFS for Military Operations

— office of the Deputy COFS for Personnel

— office of the Deputy COFS

— office of the Director of Civilian Marksmanship

— office of the Director of Defense Research and Engineering

— office of the Director of Weapons Systems Analysis

— office of the Director

— office of the Field Directorate and Ammunition Plants

— office of the General Purchasing Agent

— office of the JCS

— office of the Judge Advocate General

— office of the Oceanographer of the Navy

— office of the Provost Marshal General

— office of the QM

— office of the Scientific Adviser

— office of the Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs

— office of the Secretary of Defense

— office of the Secretary of the Air Force

— office of the Secretary of the Army

— office of the Secretary of the Navy

— office of the Secretary to the Staff

— office of the Secretary

— office of the Surgeon General

— office of the Under Secretary of the Army

— office of the US Army Attache

— office of Weapons Intelligence

— office QM General

— operations office

— Physical Education office

— Planning and Administrative office

— Political-Military Affairs office

— Preparedness office

— Program Analysis and Evaluation office

— Program Planning office

— project manager office

— Public Affairs office

— Public Information office

— Public Relations office

— Records office

— recruiting office

— regional office

— replacements allocation office

— Resources Management office

— Retirement Services office

— Royal Marine office

— SAC Project office

— Secretary of the Army office

— Security office

— Soldiers' Record office

— staff office

— Strategic Technology office

— sub-post office

— Summing-Up Evaluation office

— support control office

— Survivable Communications office

— Survivor Assistance office

— System Analysis office

— Systems Program office

— Traffic Control office

— Training Aid Service office

— US Army Commercial Communications office

— War office

— Weapons System Analysis office

English-Russian military dictionary > office
6 CULTURE, LITERATURE, AND LANGUAGE

   ■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. The Oxford Book of Portuguese Verse: XIIth Century-XXth Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1925, 1952 (2nd edition, B. Vi-digal, ed.).

   ■. Portuguese Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1922, 1970 (2nd edition, B. Vidigal, ed.).

   ■ Bleiberg, German, Maureen Ihrie, and Janet Pérez, eds. Dictionary of the Literature of the Iberian Peninsula, 2 vols. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1993.

   ■ Castro, Francisco Lyon de, ed. História da literatura portuguesa, 7 vols. Lisbon: Alfa, 2001-02.

   ■ Cidade, Hernani. Lições de Cultura e Literatura Portuguesa, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1960-62.

   ■ Cook, Manuela. Portuguese: A Complete Course for Beginners. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1996. Figueiredo, Fidelino. História literária de Portugal. Coimbra, 1944. Gentile, Georges Le. La Littérature Portugaise. Rev. ed. Paris, 1951. Kunoff, Hugo. Portuguese Literature from Its Origins to 1990: A Bibliography Based on the Collections at Indiana University. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1994.

   ■ Longland, Jean. Contemporary Portuguese Poetry. A Bilingual Selection. Irvington-on-Hudson: Harvey House, 1966. Prado Coelho, Jacinto do. Dicionário das Literaturas Portuguesas, Galega e Brasileira, 3rd ed. Oporto, 1978. Rossi, Giuseppe C. Storia della letteratura portoghesa. Florence, 1953.

   ■ Santos, João Camilo dos. "Portuguese Contemporary Literature." In Antônio Costa Pinto, ed., Modern Portugal, 218-42. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.

   ■ Saraiva, Antônio José. História da cultura em Portugal, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1950-60.

   ■. História da Literatura Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1990 ed.

   ■, and Oscar Lopes. História da Literatura Portuguesa. Oporto and Coimbra, 1992 ed.

   ■ Seguier, Jaime de, ed. Dicionário Prático Ilustrado. Oporto: Lello, 1961 and later eds.

   ■ Simões, João Gaspar. História da poesia portuguesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1955-56 and later eds.

   ■. História da poesia portuguesa do século XX. Lisbon, 1959 and later eds.

   ■ Stern, Irwin, ed.-in-chief. Dictionary of Brazilian Literature. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1988.

   ■ TRAVEL AND TOURIST GUIDES ON PORTUGAL

   ■ Adragão, José Victor. The Algarve: The Land, the Sea and Its People. Lisbon, 1988.

   ■ Ballard, Sam, and Jane Ballard. Pousadas of Portugal: Unique Lodgings in State-owned Castles, Palaces, Mansions and Hotels. Boston: Harvard Common, 1986.

   ■ Bridge, Ann, and Susan Lowndes Marques. The Selective Traveller in Portugal. London: Chatto & Windus, 1968.

   ■ Ellingham, Mark, et al. Portugal: The Rough Guide. London: Rough Guides, 2008 ed.

   ■ Hogg, Anthony. Travellers' Portugal. London: Solo Mio, 1983.

   ■ Kite, Cynthia, and Ralph Kite. Portuguese Country Inns & Pousadas. New York: Warner Books; Karen Brown's Country Inn Series, 1988.

   ■ Lowndes, Susan, ed. Fodor's Portugal 1991. New York: Fodor's, 1990.

   ■ Proença Raúl, and Sant'anna Dionísio, eds. Guía De Portugal. I. Generalidades. Lisboa E, Arredores. Lisbon: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 1924; 1983.

   ■ Robertson, Ian. Portugal: Blue Guide. London: Benn; New York: Norton, 2000 and later eds.

   ■ Stoop, Anne de. Living in Portugal. Paris and New York: Flammarion, 1995. Wright, David, and Patrick Swift. Minho and North Portugal: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1968.

   ■. Lisbon: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1971.

   ■. Algarve: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1973.

   ■ HISTORY OF PORTUGAL Ancient and Medieval (2000 BCE-1415 CE)

   ■ Alarção, Jorge de. Roman Portugal. Volume I: Introduction. Warminster, U.K., 1988.

   ■ Almeida, Fortunato de. História de Portugal. Vol. I. Coimbra, 1922. Arnaut, Salvador Dias. A Crise Nacional dos fins do século XVI. Vol. 1. Coimbra, 1960.

   ■ Baião, Antônio, Hernani Cidade, and Manuel Múrias, eds. História de Expansão Portuguesa no Mundo, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1937-40. Caetano, Marcello. Lições de História do Direito Português. Coimbra, 1962. Cortesão, Jaime. Os Factores Democráticos no Formação de Portugal. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■ David, Pierre. Etudes Historiques sur la Galice et le Portugal du VI au XII siécle. Paris, 1947.

   ■ Dias, Eduardo Mayone. Portugal's Secret Jews: The End of an Era. Rumford, R.I.: Peregrinação Publications, 1999. Diffie, Bailey W. Prelude to Empire: Portugal Overseas before Henry the Navigator. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1960. Dutra, Francis A. "Portugal: To 1279." Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Vol. X: 35-48. New York: Scribners, 1987.

   ■. "Portugal: 1279-1481." Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Vol. X: 48-56. New York: Scribners, 1987. Gama Barros, Henrique de. História de Administração Pública em Portugal nos séculos XII à XV, 11 vols. Lisbon, 1945-51. Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães. A Economia dos Descobrimentos Henriquinos. Lisbon, 1962.

   ■ Gonzaga de Azevedo, Luís. História de Portugal, 6 vols. Lisbon, 1939-44.

   ■ Herculano, Alexandre. História de Portugal, 8 vols., 9th ed. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■ Kennedy, Hugh. Muslim Spain and Portugal: A Political History of al-Anda-lus. London: Longman, 1996.

   ■ Lencastre e Tavora, Luía Gonzaga. O Estudo da Sigilografia Medieval Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■ Livermore, H. V. The Origins of Spain and Portugal. London: Allen & Unwin, 1971.

   ■ Lopes, David. "Os Árabes nas obras de Alexandre Herculano." Boletim da Segunda Classe. Lisbon: Academia Real das Sciéncias, III (1909-10). MacKendrick, Paul. The Iberian Stones Speak. New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1969.

   ■ Martinez, Pedro Soares. História Diplomática De Portugal [chapter I, 114315]. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Mattoso, José, ed. A Nobreza Medieval Portuguesa: A Família e o Poder. Lisbon: Estampa, 1981.

   ■. Religião e cultura na Idade Média Portuguesa. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional, 1982.

   ■. Identificaçao de um país ( ensaio sobre as orígens de Portugal), 2 vols. Lisbon: Estampa, 1985.

   ■. Novos Ensaios de História Medieval Portuguesa. Lisbon: Edit. Presença, 1988.

   ■. Historia de Portugal. Vol. 2: A Monarquia Feudal ( 1096-1480). Lisbon: Estampa, 1993.

   ■ Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. Hansa e Portugal na Idade Média. Lisbon, 1959.

   ■. Introduçao à História da Agricultura em Portugal. Lisbon, 1968.

   ■. Daily Life in Portugal in the Middle Ages. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1971.

   ■. Ensaios de História Medieval Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1980.

   ■. "Introduçao à História da Cidade Medieval Portuguesa." Bracara Augusta XXV, 92-93 (January-December 1981): 367-87.

   ■. Guía do Estudante de História Medieval Portuguesa, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■. Portugal Na Crise Dos Séculos XIV e XV-Vol. IV of Serrão and Oliveira Marques, Nova História de Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Peres, Damião de, ed. História de Portugal. Vols. I, II. Barcelos, 1928-29.

   ■ Rau, Virginia. Subsídios para o estudo das Feiras Medievais Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1943.

   ■. Sesma'rias Medievais Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1946.

   ■ Ribeiro, Orlando. "Portugal, formação de." Dicionário da História de Portugal. Vol. III, 432-51. Lisbon, 1966.

   ■ Rogers, Francis M. The Travels of the Infante Dom Pedro of Portugal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1961.

   ■ Russell, P. E. The English Intervention in Spain and Portugal in the Time of Edward III and Richard II. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1955.

   ■ Savory, H. N. Spain and Portugal: The Prehistory of the Iberian Peninsula. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1968.

   ■ Silva, Armando Coelho Ferreira. A Cultura Castreja no Noroeste de Portugal. Pacos de Ferreira, 1986.

   ■ Varagnac, André. O Homem antes da Escrita ( Pre-história). Lisbon, 1963.

   ■ Imperial and Early Modern (1415-1822)

   ■ Azevedo, J. Lúcio de. História de António de Vieira, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1918-20.

   ■. Épocas de Portugal Económico. Lisbon, 1929.

   ■ Borges de Macedo, Jorge. Problemas de História de Indústria Portuguesa no Século X VIII. Lisbon, 1963.

   ■. "Pombal." Dicionário de História de Portugal. Vol. III, 415-23. Lisbon, 1968.

   ■ Bovill, Edward W. The Battle of the Alcazar: An Account of the Defeat of Dom Sebastian at El-Ksar el-Kebir. London, 1952.

   ■ Boxer, C. R. Four Centuries of Portuguese Expansion, 1415-1825: A Succinct Survey. Johannesburg, South Africa: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1961.

   ■. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire 1415-1825. London: Hutchinson, 1969.

   ■. João de Barros: Portuguese Humanist and Historian of Asia. New Delhi, India: Xavier Centre, 1981.

   ■ Cheke, Marcus. Dictator of Portugal: A Life of the Marquis of Pombal, 16991782. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1938.

   ■ Cunha, Luís da. Testamento Político. Lisbon, 1820.

   ■ Davidson, Lillias C. Catherine of Bragança. London: John Murray, 1908.

   ■ Dutra, Francis A. "Membership in the Order of Christ in the Seventeenth Century." The Americas 27 (1970): 3-25.

   ■ Eberlein, H. D., and R. W. Ramsdell. The Practical Book of Italian, Spanish and Portuguese Furniture. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1927.

   ■ Ericeira, Luís de Meneses [Count of]. História de Portugal Restaurado, 4 vols. Oporto, 1945.

   ■ Fisher, H. E. S. "Anglo-Portuguese Trade, 1700-70." Economic History Review XVI, 2 (1963): 219-33.

   ■. The Portugal Trade: A Study of Anglo-Portuguese Commerce, 1700- 1770. London: Methuen, 1971.

   ■ Francis, A. D. The Methuens and Portugal: 1691-1708. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1966.

   ■. Portugal, 1715-1808. London: Tamesis, 1985.

   ■ Hanson, Carl A. Economy and Society in Baroque Portugal, 1668-1703. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1981.

   ■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. New York: AMS Press, 1968 reprint.

   ■ Kendrick, T. D. The Lisbon Earthquake. London: Methuen, 1956.

   ■ Livermore, H. V. "The Privileges of an Englishman in the Kingdom and Dominions of Portugal." Atlante 11 (1954): 57-77.

   ■ Macauley, Neil. Dom Pedro: The Struggle for Liberty in Brazil and Portugal, 1798-1834. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1986.

   ■ Macauley, Rose. They Went to Portugal. London: Jonathan Cape, 1946.

   ■. They Went to Portugal, Too. London: Carcanet, 1990.

   ■ Magalhães Godinho, Vitorino. Prix et Monnaies au Portugal. Paris, 1955.

   ■. "Portugal and Her Empire." In New Cambridge Modern History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Vol. V (1961): 384-97; Vol. VI (1961): 509-10.

   ■. A Economia dos descobrimentos henri-quinos. Lisbon, 1962.

   ■. Estructura da Antiga Sociedade Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Mauro, Frédéric. Le Portugal et l'Atlantique au XVII siécle ( 1570-1670). Paris: SEVPEN, 1960.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth. "Pombal and the Nationalization of the Luso-Brazilian Economy." Hispanic American Historical Review XLVIII (November 1968): 608-31.

   ■. Conflicts and Conspiracies: Brazil and Portugal, 1750-1808. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.

   ■ Norris, A. H., and R. W. Bremner. The Lines of Torres Vedras. Lisbon: British Historical Society of Portugal, 1980.

   ■ Oliveira, Antônio de. A Vida Económica e Social de Coimbra de 1537 à 1640, 2 vols. Coimbra, 1971-72.

   ■ Prestage, Edgar. The Royal Power and the Cortes in Portugal. Watford, U.K.: Voss & Michael, 1927.

   ■. Portuguese Pioneers. London: Black, 1933.

   ■. "The Mode of Government in Portugal during the Restoration [1640-68] Period." In Edgar Prestage, ed., Melange d'Etudes Portugaises Offerts a M. Georges Le Gentil, 265-70. Lisbon, 1949.

   ■ Rabassa, Gregory. "Padre Antônio Vieira: Portugal's Amazing Polymath." Camões Centre Quarterly 2, 3-4 (Autumn and Winter 1990): 27-32. Rau, Virginia. D. Catarina de Bragança: Rainha de Inglaterra. Lisbon, 1944. Ricard, Robert. "Prophecy and Messianism in the Works of Antônio Vieira." The Americas 37 (1960): 357-88.

   ■ Roche, T. W. E. Philippa: Dona Filipa of Portugal. London: Phillimore, 1971.

   ■ Rogers, Francis M. The Travels of the Infante Dom Pedro of Portugal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1961.

   ■ Rooney, Peter T. "Hapsburg Fiscal Policies in Portugal, 1580-1640." Journal of European Economic History 23, 3 (1994): 545-62.

   ■ Roth, Cecil. "The Religion of the Marranos." Jewish Quarterly Review 22 (1931): 1-33.

   ■. A History of the Marranos. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1932.

   ■ Saraiva, Antônio José. Inquisição e Cristãos-Novos. Oporto, 1969.

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   ■ World War II and Portugal

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   ■ Fralon, Jose-Alain. A Good Man in Evil Times. The Story of Aristides De Sousa Mendes: The Man Who Saved the Lives of Countless Refugees in World War II. New York: Carroll & Graf, 2001.

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   ■ Louca, Antonio. Hitler e Salazar. Comercio em tempos de Guerra 1940-1944. Lisbon, 2000.

   ■ Luca, Antonio. "Portugal's Double Game: Between the Nazis and the Allies." In Avi Beker, ed., The Plunder of Jewish Property during the Holocaust. Confronting European History. New York, 2001. MacIntyre, Ben. Agent Zigzag. New York: Harmony, 2007. Martins, Maria Joao. O Paraiso Triste. O Quotidiano em Lisboa durante a II Grande Guerra. Lisbon: Vega, 1994. Masterman, J.C. The Double-Cross System in the War of 1939 to 1945. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1972. Muggeridge, Malcolm. Chronicles of Wasted Time. Chronicle 2: The Infernal Grove. New York: William Morrow, 1974.

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   ■ Saint-Exupery, Antoine. Wartime Writings, 1939-1944. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1986.

   ■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano, ed. Portugal E A Guerra. Historia das Intervencoes militares portuguesas nos grandes conflitos mundiais seculos XIX e XX. Lisbon: Colibri, 1998.

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   ■. "'In the Service of Order.' The Portuguese Political Police and the British, Germany and Spanish Intelligence [Services]." Journal of Contemporary History 36: no. 3 (Jan. 1983), 1-25.

   ■. "And Who is My Neighbor? A World War II Hero of Conscience for Portugal." Luso-Brazilian Review 23 (no. 2) (Summer 1989), 119-39.

   ■. "The Price of Neutrality: Portugal, the Wolfram Question, and World War II." Luso-Brazilian Review (Madison, WI), 23 (nos.1, 2) (Summer, 1986; Winter, 1986). 97-111; 108-127.

   ■. "Last of the Great Air Mysteries of the War [World War II]." Bridport and Lyme Regis Gazette (Dorset, U.K.), June 5, 2003, 24-25.

   ■. "Leslie Howard Helped Win World War II," St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis, Mo.), April 3, 5, 2005.

   ■ Wilson, Robert. A Small Death in Lisbon. London, 2000.

   ■. The Company Of Strangers. San Diego, 2002.

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   ■ The Military

   ■ Ferreira Martins, General. Historia do Exercito Portugues. Lisbon: Inquerito, 1945.

   ■ Kaulza de Arriaga, General. Guerra e Politica. Em nome da verdade. Os anos decisivos. Lisbon: Referendo, 1987.

   ■ Medeiros Ferreira, Jose. O Comportamento Politico dos Militares, Forcas Armadas e Regimes Politicos em Portugal no seculo XX. Lisbon: Estampa, 1992.

   ■ Pereira Marques, Fernando. Exercito e Sociedade em Portugal. No Declinio do Antigo Regime e advento do Liberalismo. Lisbon: Regra do Jogo, 1981.

   ■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm, 1977.

   ■ Ribeiro Dos Santos, Antonio Pedro. O Estado E A Order Publica. As Institui-coes Militares Portuguesas. Lisbon: Instituto Superior De Ciencias Sociais E Politicas, 1999.

   ■ Saraiva de Carvalho, Otelo. Alvorada em Abril. Amadora (Portugal): Bertrand, 1977.

   ■ Selvagem, Carlos. Portugal Militar. Compendio de Historia Militar e Naval de Portugal. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional, 1931.

   ■ Spinola, Antonio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon: Arcadia, 1974.

   ■. Pais Sem Rumo. Contributo para a historia de uma Revolucao. Lisbon: Scire, 1978.

   ■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano. Portugal e a Guerra. Historia das intervencoes militares portuguesas nos grandes conflitos mundiais do seculo XX. Lisbon: Ed. Colibri, 1999.

   ■. Coord., Nova Historia Militar de Portugal, 5 vols. Lisbon: Circulo de Leitores, 2003-.

   ■ Valente, Vasco Pulido. O Poder e o Povo. A Revolucao de 1910. Lisbon: Moraes, 1976, 1982.

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   ■ Government and Politics since 1974

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   ■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel, ed. Sistema Eleitoral Portugües: Debate Político e Parlamentar. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional/ Casa da Moeda, 1998.

   ■, ed. "Portugal Político 25 Anos Depois." In Análise Social XXXV, 154/155 (Summer, 2000): 1-404.

   ■ Bruneau, Thomas C., and Alex Macleod. Politics in Contemporary Portugal: Parties and the Consolidation of Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1986.

   ■ Bruneau, Thomas C., ed. Political Parties and Democracy in Portugal. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1997. Carlucci, Frank. "Confiei no Povo Portugues." Visao (Lisbon), April 10, 1997, 46-47.

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   ■ Costa Pinto, Antonio. "Settling Accounts with the Past in a Troubled Transition to Democracy: The Portuguese Case." In Alexandra Barahona De Brito, Carmen Gonzalez-Enriquez, and Paloma Aguilar, eds., The Politics of Memory: Transitional Justice in Democratizing Societies, 65-91. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.

   ■ Cruzeiro, Maria Manuela. Costa Gomes-o Ultimo Marechal. Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 1998.

   ■ Domingos, Emídio Da Veiga. Portugal Político. Análise das Instituiçoes. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Goldey, David. "Elections and the Consolidation of Portuguese Democracy: 1974-1983." Electoral Studies 2, 3 (1983): 229-40.

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   ■ Gunther, Richard. "Spain and Portugal." In G. A. Dorfman and P. J. Duignan, eds., Politics in Western Europe, 186-236. Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1988.

   ■ Magone, José Maria. European Portugal: The Difficult Road to Sustainable Democracy. Basingstoke, U.K.: Macmillan, 1997.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth. The Making of Portuguese Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

   ■, ed. Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth R., and Scott C. Monje, eds. Portugal: The Constitution and the Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-1989. New York: Camões Center, RIIC, Camões Center Special Report No. 2, Columbia University, 1991.

   ■ Opello, Walter C., Jr. "The New Parliament in Portugal." Legislative Studies Quarterly, 3 (May 1978): 309-334.

   ■. "Local Government and Political Culture in a Portuguese Rural County." Comparative Politics 13 (April 1981): 271-89.

   ■. "Portugal's Administrative Elite: Social Origins and Political Attitudes." West European Politics 6 (Jan. 1983): 63-74.

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   ■ Alves, Márcio Moreira. Les Soldats Socialistes du Portugal. Paris: Gallimard, 1975.

   ■ Antunes, José Freire. Sá Carneiro: Um Meteoro Nos Anos Setenta. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■. O Segredo do 25 de Novembro. Mem Martins, 1983.

   ■ Arouca, Manuel. Os Filhos Da Costa Do Sol. Mem Martins, 1989. Audibert, Pierre, and Daniel Brignon. Portugal: Les nouveaux centurions. Paris, 1974.

   ■ Baptista, Jacinto. Caminhos para uma revolução. Lisbon, 1975. Barreto, Antônio. Memórias da Reforma Agrária. Mem Martins: Europa-Amé-rica, 1983.

   ■, and C. V. Preto, eds. A Situação Social em Portugal, 1960-1996. Lisbon: Instituto de Ciências Sociais, 1996.

   ■ Bermeo, Nancy Gina. "Worker Management in Industry: Reconciling Representative Government and Industrial Democracy in a Polarized Society." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 181-98. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. The Revolution within the Revolution: Workers' Control in Rural Portugal. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1986.

   ■ Braeckman, Colette. Portugal: Revolution surveilée. Brussels: Rossei, 1975.

   ■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel. "O Presidente da República na génese e evolução do sistema de governor portugües." Análise social XXIX, 125-26 (1994): 237-65.

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   ■, and Alex Macleod. Politics in Contemporary Portugal: Parties and the Consolidation of Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1986.

   ■ Carvalho, Ortelo Saraiva de. Cinco Meses Mudaram Portugal. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. Alvorada em Abril. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Cid, Augusto. PREC-Processo Revolucionário Eventualmente Chocante. Viseu, 1977.

   ■ Costa Lobo, Marina, and Pedro C. Magalhaes. "From 'Third Wave' to 'Third Way': Europe and the Portuguese Socialists (1975-1999)," Journal of Southern Europe and the Balkans 3, no. 1 (2001), 25-35.

   ■ Costa Pinto, Antônio, ed. Modern Portugal. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.

   ■, and Nuno Severiano Teixeira, eds. Southern Europe and the Making of the European Union. New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 2002.

   ■ Cunhal, Alvaro. A Revolução Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Dias, Eduardo Mayone. Portugal's Secret Jews: The End of an Era. Rumford, R.I.: Peregrinação Publications, 1999.

   ■ Downs, Charles. "Comissões de Moradores and Urban Struggles in Revolutionary Portugal." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 4 (1986): 267-94.

   ■. Revolution at the Grassroots: Community Organizations in the Portuguese Revolution. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.

   ■ Dufour, Jean-Marc. Prague sur Tage. Paris, 1975.

   ■ Durão Barroso, José. Le systémepolitiqueportugais face à l'intégration euro-péenne. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Eisfeid, Rainer. "Portugal: What Role/What Future?" In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal Ten Years after the Revolution. New York: RIIC, Columbia University, 1984.

   ■. Sozialistischer Pluralismus in Europa: Ansãtze und Scheitern am Beispiel Portugal. Cologne: Verlag Wissenchaft ünd Politik, 1985.

   ■. "Portugal and Western Europe." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 29-62. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Farinha, Luis. "Regresso a Europa. Uma opcao feliz." Historia. XXIX; 95, III series (March 2007), 23-33.

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   ■ Giaccone, Fausto. Una Storia Portoghese/ Uma História Portuguesa. Palermo: Randazzo Focus, 1987.

   ■ Gladdish, Ken. "Portugal: An Open Verdict." In Geoffrey Pridham, ed. Securing Democracy: Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation in Southern Europe, 104-25. London and New York: Routledge, 1990.

   ■ Graham, Lawrence S. The Decline and Collapse of an Authoritarian Order. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1975.

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   ■ Green, Gil. Portugal's Revolution. New York: International, 1976.

   ■ Hammond, John L. Building Popular Power: Workers' and Neighborhood Movements in the Portuguese Revolution. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1988.

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   ■ Harvey, Robert. Portugal, Birth of a Democracy. London: Macmillan, 1978.

   ■ Herr, Richard, ed. Portugal: The Long Road to Democracy and Europe. Berkeley, Calif.: International and Area Studies, 1992.

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   ■ Pilmott, Ben. "Socialism in Portugal: Was It a Revolution?" Government and Opposition 7 (Summer 1977).

   ■. "Were the Soldiers Revolutionary? The Armed Forces Movement in Portugal, 1973-1976." Iberian Studies 7, 1 (1978): 13-21.

   ■, and Jean Seaton. "Political Power and the Portuguese Media." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 43-57. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm and Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1977.

   ■ Pouchin, Dominique. Portugal, quelle révolution? Paris, 1976.

   ■ Pulido Valente, Vasco. "E Viva Otelo." In Pulido Valente, V., ed., O País das Maravilhas, 451-54. Lisbon, 1979 [anthology of articles from weekly Lisbon paper, Expresso].

   ■. Estudos Sobre a Crise Nacional. Lisbon, 1980.

   ■ Rebelo de Sousa, Marcelo. O Sistema de Governo Português antes e depois da Revisão Constitucional, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1981. Rêgo, Raúl. Militares, Clérigos e Paisanos. Lisbon, 1981. Robinson, Richard A. H. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London: Allen & Unwin, 1979.

   ■ Rodrigues, Avelino, Cesário Borga, and Mário Cardoso. O Movemento dos Capitães e o 25 de Abril. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. Portugal Depois De Abril. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Ruas, H. B., ed. A Revolução das Flores. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Rudel, Christian. La Liberte couleur d'oeillet. Paris: Fayard, 1980.

   ■ Sa, Tiago Moreira de. Os Americanos na Revolucao Portuguesa ( 1974-1976). Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 2004.

   ■ Sá Carneiro, Francisco. Por Uma Social-Democracia Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Sanches Osôrio, Helena. Um Só Rosto. Uma Só Fé. Conversas Com Adelino Da Palma Carlos. Lisbon, 1988. Sanches Osôrio, J. The Betrayal of the 25th of April in Portugal. Madrid: Sedmay, 1975.

   ■ Schmitter, Philippe C. "Liberation by Golpe: Retrospective Thoughts on the Demise of Authoritarian Rule in Portugal." Armed Forces and Society 2 (1974): 5-33.

   ■. "An Introduction to Southern European Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain and Turkey." In G. O'Donnell,

   ■ P. C. Schmitter, and L. Whitehead, eds., Transitions from Authoritarian Rule, 3-10. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986.

   ■ Silva, Fernando Dioga da. "Uma Administração Envelhecido." Revista da Ad-ministraçao Pública 2 (Oct.-Dec. 1979).

   ■ Simões, Martinho, ed. Relatório Do 25 De Novembro: Texto Integral, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Soares, Isabel, ed. Mário Soares: O homem e o político. Lisbon, 1976. Soares, Mário. Democratização e Descolonização: Dez meses no Governo Provisório. Lisbon, 1975. Sobel, Lester A., ed. Portuguese Revolution, 1974-1976. New York: Facts on File, Inc., 1976.

   ■ Spínola, Antônio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. País Sem Rumo: Contributo para a História de uma Revolução. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Stock, Maria José. Os Partidos do Poder: Dez Anos Depois do " 25 De Abril." Evora, 1986.

   ■ Story, Jonathan. "Portugal's Revolution of Carnations: Patterns of Change and Continuity." International Affairs 52 (July 1976): 417-34. Sweezey, Paul. "Class Struggles in Portugal." Monthly Review 27, 4 (Sept. 1975): 1-26.

   ■ Szulc, Tad. "Lisbon and Washington: Behind Portugal's Revolution." Foreign Policy 21 (Winter 1975-76): 3-62. Tavares de Almeida, Antônio. Balsemão: O retrato. Lisbon, 1981. "Vasco." Desenhos Políticos. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■ Vasconcelos, Alvaro. "Portugal in Atlantic-Mediterranean Security." In Douglas T. Stuart, ed., Politics and Security in the Southern Region of the Atlantic Alliance, 117-36. London: Macmillan, 1988.

   ■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "Golpes militares e golpes literários. A literatura do golpe de 25 de Abril de 1974 em contexto histôrico." Penélope. Fazer E Desfazer A História, 19-20 (1998): 191-212.

   ■. "Tributo ao Historiador dos Historiadores. Memorias de A.H.de Oliveira Marques (1933-2007)," Historia XXIX, 95, III series (March 2007), 18-22.

   ■ Wiarda, Howard J. Transcending Corporatism? The Portuguese Corporative System and the Revolution of 1974. Columbia: Institute of International Studies, University of South Carolina, 1976.

   ■. The Transition to Democracy in Spain and Portugal. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1989. Wise, Audrey. Eyewitness in Revolutionary Portugal. With a Preface by Judith Hart, MP. London: Spokesman, 1975.

   ■ PHYSICAL FEATURES: GEOGRAPHY, GEOLOGY, FAUNA, AND FLORA

   ■ Birot, Pierre. Le Portugal: Étude de géographie régionale. Paris, 1950.

   ■ Embleton, Clifford. Geomorphology of Europe. London: Macmillan, 1984.

   ■ Girão, Aristides de Amorim. Divisão regional, divisão agrícola e divisão administrativa. Coimbra, 1932.

   ■. Condições geográficos e históricas de autonomia política de Portugal. Coimbra, 1935.

   ■. Atlas de Portugal, 2nd ed. Coimbra, 1958.

   ■ Ribeiro, Orlando. Portugal, O Mediterrâneo e o Altântico. Coimbra, 1945 and later eds.

   ■. Portugal. Volume V of Geografia de Espana y Portugal. Barcelona, 1955.

   ■. Ensaios de Geografia Humana e regio nal. Lisbon, 1970.

   ■. A geografia e a divisão regional do país. Lisbon, 1970.

   ■ Stanislawski, Dan. The Individuality of Portugal. Austin: The University of Texas Press, 1959.

   ■. Portugal's Other Kingdom: The Algarve. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1963.

   ■ Taylor, Albert William. Wild Flowers of Spain and Portugal. London: Chatto & Windus, 1972.

   ■ Way, Ruth, and Margaret Simmons. A Geography of Spain and Portugal. London: Methuen, 1962.

   ■ ARCHAEOLOGY AND PREHISTORY

   ■ "Actas do Colóquio Inter-Universitário do Noroeste Peninsular (Porto-Baião, 1988), vol. II, Proto-História, romanização e Idade Média." In Trabalhos de antropologia e etnologia. 28, 3-4 (1988).

   ■ Alarcão, Jorge de, ed. "Do Paleolítico va arte visigótica." Vol. 1, História da

   ■ Arte em Portugal. Lisbon: Alfa, 1986.

   ■. Roman Portugal, 3 vols. Warminister, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1988.

   ■. Portugal Das Orígens A Romanização. Vol. I. In J. Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds. Nova História de Portugal. Lisbon: Presença, 1990. Anderson, James M., and M. S. Lea. Portugal 1001 Sights: An Archaeological and Historical Guide. Calgary, Alberta: University of Calgary and Robert Hale, 1994.

   ■ Balmuth, Miriam S., Antonio Gilman, and Lourdes Prados-Torreira, eds. Encounters and Transformations: The Archaeology of Iberia in Transition. Monographs in Mediterranean Archaeology, no. 7. Sheffield, U.K.: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997.

   ■ Beirão, C. M. M. Une civilization protohistorique du Sud au Portugal ( 1er Age du Fer). Paris: D. Boccard, 1986.

   ■ Cardoso, João Luís, Santinho A. Cunha, and Delberto Aguiar. O Homem Pre-Histórico no Concelho de Oeiras. Oeiras, Portugal: Estudos Arquelógicos de Oeiras, 1991.

   ■ Harrison, Richard J. The Bell Beaker Cultures of Spain and Portugal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1977.

   ■ Mangas, Júlio, ed. Hispania epigraphica. Madrid, 1989.

   ■ Maloney, Stephanie J. "The Villa of Toerre de Palma, Portugal: Archaeology and Preservation." Portuguese Studies Review VIII, 1 (Fall-Winter, 1999-2000): 14-28.

   ■ Savory, H. N. Spain and Portugal: The Prehistory of the Iberian Peninsula. London, 1968.

   ■ Silva, A. C. F. A cultura castreja no Noroeste de Portugal. Paços de Ferreira:

   ■ Museu da Citânia de Sanfins, 1986. Straus, L. G. Iberia before the Iberians. Albuquerque, N.M., 1992.

   ■ FOREIGN TRAVELERS AND RESIDENTS' ACCOUNTS

   ■ Andersen, Hans Christian. A Visit to Portugal 1866. London: Peter Owen, 1972.

   ■ Beckford, William. Italy, with Sketches of Spain and Portugal. Paris: Baudry's European Library, 1834.

   ■. The Journal of William Beckford in Portugal and Spain 1787-1788.

   ■ Boyd Alexander, ed. London: Hart-Davies, 1954.

   ■. Recollections of an Excursion to the Monasteries of Alcoboca and Batalha. Fontwell, U.K.: Centaur Press, 1972.

   ■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. In Portugal. London: Bodley Head, 1912.

   ■ Borrow, George. The Bible in Spain, 2 vols. London: Constable, 1923 ed.

   ■ Chaves, Castelo Branco. Os livros de viagens em Portugal no século XVIII e a sua projecção europeia. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Costigan, Arthur William. Sketches of Society and Manners in Portugal. London: T. Vernon, 1787.

   ■ Crawfurd, Oswald. Portugal Old and New. London: Kegan, Paul, 1880.

   ■. Round the Calendar in Portugal. London: Chapman & Hall, 1890.

   ■ Darymple, William. Travels through Spain and Portugal in 1774. London: J. Almon, 1777.

   ■ Dumouriez, Charles Francois Duperrier. An Account of Portugal as It Appeared in 1766. London: C. Law, 1797.

   ■ Fielding, Henry. Jonathan Wild and the Journal of a Voyage to Lisbon. London: J. M. Dent, 1932.

   ■ Fullerton, Alice. To Portugal for Pleasure. London: Grafton, 1945.

   ■ Gibbons, John. I Gathered No Moss. London: Robert Hale, 1939.

   ■ Gordon, Jan, and Cora Gordon. Portuguese Somersault. London: Harrap, 1934.

   ■ Hewitt, Richard. A Cottage in Portugal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996.

   ■ Huggett, Frank. South of Lisbon: Winter Travels in Southern Portugal. London: Gollancz, 1960.

   ■ Hume, Martin. Through Portugal. London: Richards, 1907.

   ■ Hyland, Paul. Backwards Out of the Big World: A Voyage into Portugal. Hammersmith, U.K.: HarperCollins, 1996.

   ■ Jackson, Catherine Charlotte, Lady. Fair Lusitania. London: Bentley, 1874.

   ■ Kelly, Marie Node. This Delicious Land Portugal. London: Hutchinson, 1956.

   ■ Kempner, Mary Jean. Invitation to Portugal. New York: Athenaeum, 1969.

   ■ Kingston, William H. G. Lusitanian Sketches of the Pen and Pencil. 2 vol. London: Parker, 1845.

   ■ Landmann, George. Historical, Military and Picturesque Observations on Portugal. 2 vol. London: Cadell and Davies, 1818.

   ■ Latouche, John [Pseudonym of Oswald Crawfurd]. Travels in Portugal. London: Ward, Lock & Taylor, ca. 1874.

   ■ Link, Henry Frederick. Travels in Portugal and France and Spain. London: Longman & Rees, 1801.

   ■ Macauley, Rose. They Went to Portugal. London: Jonathan Cape, 1946.

   ■. They Went to Portugal, Too. Manchester: Carcanet Books, 1990.

   ■ Merle, Iris. Portuguese Panorama. London: Ouzel, 1958.

   ■ Murphy, J. C. Travels in Portugal. London: 1795.

   ■ Proper, Datus C. The Last Old Place: A Search through Portugal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992.

   ■ Quillinan, Dorothy [Wordsworth]. Journal of a Few Months in Portugal with Glimpses of the South of Spain. 2 vol. London: Moxon, 1847. Sitwell, Sacheverell. Portugal and Madeira. London: Batsford, 1954. Smith, Karine R. Until Tomorrow: Azores and Portugal. Snohomish, Wash.: Snohomish Publishing, 1978. Southey, Robert. Journals of a Residence in Portugal, 1800-1801 and a Visit to France, 1838. London and New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1912. Thomas, Gordon Kent. Lord Byron's Iberian Pilgrimage. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 1983. Twiss, Richard. Travels through Portugal and Spain in 1772-1773. London, 1775.

   ■ Watson, Gilbert. Sunshine and Sentiment in Portugal. London: Arnold, 1904. Wheeler, Douglas L. "A[n American] Fulbrighter in Lisbon, Portugal, 196162." Portuguese Studies Review 1 (1991): 9-16.

   ■ PORTUGUESE CARTOGRAPHY, DISCOVERIES, AND NAVIGATION

   ■ Albuquerque, Luís de. Curso de História de Naútica. Coimbra, 1972.

   ■. Introdução a história dos descobrimentos, 3rd ed. Mem Martins, 1983.

   ■. Os Descobrimentos Portugueses. Lisbon: Alfa, 1983.

   ■. Navegadores, viajantes e adventureiros portugueses: Séculos XV e XVI. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■. Portuguese Books on Nautical Science from Pedro Nunes to 1650. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■. Os Descobrimentos Portugueses. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Boorstin, Daniel. The Discoverers. New York: Random House, 1983. Boxer, C. R. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire, 1415-1825. London: Hutchinson, 1969.

   ■ Brazão, Eduardo. La découverte de Terre-Neuve. Montreal: Les Presses de l'Université, 1964.

   ■. "Les Corte-Real et le Nouveau Monde." Revue d'histoire d'Amérique Française 19, 1 (1965): 335-49. Cortesão, Armando, and Avelino Teixeira de Mota. Cartografia Portuguesa Antiga. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■. Portugalia Monumenta Cartográfica, 6 vols. Lisbon, 1960-62.

   ■. História da Cartografia Portuguesa, 2 vols. Coimbra, 1969-70.

   ■ Cortesão, Jaime. L'expansion des portugais dans l'historie de la civilisation. Brussels, 1930.

   ■. Os descobrimentos portugueses, 2 vols. V. Magalhães Godinho and Joel Serrão, eds. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■. A expansão dos Portugueses no período henriquinho. Lisbon, 1965.

   ■. Descobrimentos precolombanos dos portugueses. Lisbon, 1966.

   ■ Costa, Abel Fontoura da. A Marinharia dos Descobrimentos, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■ Costa Brochado, Idalino F. Descobrimento do Atlântico. Lisbon, 1958. English ed., 1959-60.

   ■ Coutinho, Admiral Gago. A naútica dos descobrimentos, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1951-52.

   ■ Crone, G. R. Maps and Their Makers. New York: Capricorn Books, 1966.

   ■ Dias, José S. da Silva. Os descobrimentos e a problemática cultural do Século XVI, 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Disney, Anthony, and Emily Booth, eds. Vasco Da Gama and the Linking of Europe and Asia. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000.

   ■ Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães, ed. Documentos sobre a expansão portuguesa [ to 1460], 3 vols. Lisbon, 1945-54.

   ■ Guedes, Max, and Gerald Lombardi, eds. Portugal. Brazil: The Age of Atlantic Discoveries. Lisbon: Bertrand; Milan: Ricci; Brazilian Culture Foundation, 1990. [Catalogue of New York Public Library Exhibit, Summer 1990]

   ■ Harley, J. B., and David Woodward. The History of Cartography. Volume 1: Cartography in Prehistoric, Ancient and Medieval Europe and Mediterranean. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.

   ■ Leite, Duarte. História dos Descobrimentos: Colectânea de esparsos, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1958-61.

   ■ Ley, Charles. Portuguese Voyages, 1498-1663. London: Dent, 1953.

   ■ Marques, J. Martins da Silva. Descobrimentos portugueses, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1944-71.

   ■ Martyn, John R. C., ed. Pedro Nunes ( 1502-1578): His Lost Algebra and Other Discoveries. John R. C. Martyn, trans. New York: Peter Lang, 1996.

   ■ Morison, Samuel Eliot. The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages, A. D. 500-1600. New York: Oxford University Press, 1971.

   ■. Portuguese Voyages to America in the Fifteenth Century. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1974.

   ■ Mota, Avelino Teixeira da. Mar, Além-Mar-Estudos e Ensaios de História e Geografia. Lisbon, 1972.

   ■ Nemésio, Vitorino. Vida e Obra do Infante D. Henrique. Lisbon, 1959.

   ■ Parry, J. H. The Discovery of the Sea. New York: Dial, 1974.

   ■ Penrose, Boies. Travel and Discovery in the Renaissance, 1420-1620. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1952.

   ■ Peres, Damião. História dos Descobrimentos Portugueses. Oporto, 1943.

   ■ Prestage, Edgar. The Portuguese Pioneers. London, 1933; New York: Barnes & Noble, 1967.

   ■ Rogers, Francis M. Precision Astrolabe: Portuguese Navigators and Transoceanic Aviation. Lisbon, 1971.

   ■ Seary, E. R. "The Portuguese Element in the Place Names of Newfoundland." In Luís Albuquerque, ed., Vice-Almirante A. Teixeira da Mota: In Memo-riam. Vol. II, 359-64. Lisbon: Academia da Marinha, 1989.

   ■ Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. The Career and Legend of Vasco Da Gama. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

   ■ Velho, Alvaro. Roteiro ( Navigator's Route) da Primeira Viagem de Vasco da Gama ( 1497-1499). Lisbon, 1960.

   ■ Winius, George, ed. Portugal, the Pathfinder: Journeys from the Medieval toward the Modern World 1300-ca. 1600. Madison, Wisc.: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1995.

   ■ PORTUGAL AND HER OVERSEAS EMPIRES (1415-1975)

   ■ Abshire, David M., and Michael A. Samuels, eds. Portuguese Africa: A Handbook. New York: Praeger, 1969.

   ■ Afonso, Aniceto, and Carlos de Matos Gomes. Guerra Colonial. Lisbon: Noticias, 2001.

   ■ Albuquerque, J. Moushino de. Moçambique. Lisbon, 1898.

   ■ Alden, Dauril. The Making of an Enterprise: The Society of Jesus in Portugal, Its Empire & Beyond. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1995.

   ■ Alexandre, Valentim. Orígens do Colonialismo Português Moderno ( 18221891). Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1979.

   ■. Velho Brasil, Novas Africas: Portugal e o Império ( 1808-1975). Oporto: Afrontamento, 2000.

   ■, and Jill Dias, eds. "O Império Africano 1825-1890. Volume X." In J.

   ■ Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds., Nova História Da Expansão Portuguesa. Lisbon: Estampa, 1998.

   ■ Ames, Glen J. "The Carreira da India, 1668-1682: Maritime Enterprise and the Quest for Stability in Portugal's Asian Empire." Journal of European Economic History 20, 1 (1991): 7-28.

   ■. Renascent Empire? The House of Braganza and the Quest for Stability in Portuguese Monsoon Asia, ca. 1640-1683. Amsterdam: Amsterdam Univ.Press, 2000.

   ■. Vasco da Gama. Renaissance Crusader. New York: Pearson/Longman, 2005.

   ■ Antunes, José Freire. O Império com Pés de Barro: Colonizaçao e Descolonização: As Ideologias em Portugal. Lisbon: D. Quixote, 1980.

   ■. O Factor Africano 1890-1990. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1990.

   ■. A Guerra De Africa 1961-1974, 2 vols. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1995-96.

   ■. Jorge Jardim: Agente Secreto 1919-1982. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1996.

   ■ Axelson, Eric A. South-East Africa, 1488-1530. London: Longmans, 1940.

   ■. "Prince Henry and the Discovery of the Sea Route to India." Geographical Journal (U.K.) 127, 2 (June 1961): 145-58.

   ■. Portugal and the Scramble for Africa, 1875-1891. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1967.

   ■. Portuguese in South-East Africa, 1488-1699. Cape Town: Struik, 1973.

   ■. Congo to Cape: Early Portuguese Explorers. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.

   ■ Azevedo, Mário. Historical Dictionary of Mozambique, 2nd ed. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 2003.

   ■ Baião, António, Hernãni Cidade, and Manuel Murias, eds. História da Expansão Portuguesa no Mundo, 4 vols. Lisbon, 1937-40.

   ■ Bender, Gerald J. "The Limits of Counterinsurgency [in the Angolan War, 1961-72]." Comparative Politics (1972): 331-60.

   ■. Angola under the Portuguese: The Myth Versus Reality. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978.

   ■ Bhíla, H. H. K. Trade and Politics in a Shona Kingdom: The Manyika and Their Portuguese and African Neighbours, 1875-1902. Harlow, U.K.: Longman, 1990.

   ■ Birmingham, David. The Portuguese Conquest of Angola. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1965.

   ■. Trade and Conflict in Angola. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1966.

   ■. Frontline Nationalism in Angola & Mozambique. London: James Currey, 1992.

   ■. Portugal and Africa. New York: St. Martins, 1999.

   ■ Bottineau, Yves. Le Portugal Et Sa Vocation Maritime. Paris: Boccard, 1977. Boxer, C. R. Fidalgos in the Far East— Fact and Fancy in the History of Macau. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1948. ———. The Christian Century in Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1951.

   ■ ———. Salvador de Sá and the Struggle for Brazil and Angola, 1602-1688. London, 1952.

   ■ ———. Four Centuries of Portuguese Expansion, 1415-1825: A Succinct Survey. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1961.

   ■ ———. The Golden Age of Brazil, 1695-1750. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1962.

   ■ ———. Race Relations in the Portuguese Colonial Empire, 1415-1825. Oxford:

   ■ Clarendon Press, 1963. ———. Portuguese Society in the Tropics. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1965.

   ■ ———. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire 1415-1825. London: Hutchi nson, 1969.

   ■ ———, and Carlos de Azevedo, eds. Fort Jesus and the Portuguese in Mombasa. London: Hollis and Carter, 1960.

   ■ Broadhead, Susan H. Historical Dictionary of Angola, 2nd ed. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1992.

   ■ Burton, Richard. Goa and the Blue Mountains. London: Bentley, 1851.

   ■ Cabral, Luís. Crónica da Libertação. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■ Caetano, Marcello. Colonizing Traditions, Principles and Methods of the Portuguese. Lisbon, 1951.

   ■ ———. Portugal E A Internacionalização Dos Problemas Africanos, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1965.

   ■ Cann, John P. Counterinsurgency in Africa: The Portuguese Way of War, 1961-1974. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1997. Castelo, Claudia. " O modo portugues de estar no mundo." O luso-tropicalismo e a ideologia colonial portuguesa ( 1931-1961). Oporto: Afrontamento, 1998. Castro, Armando. O Sistema Colonial Português em Africa ( meados do Século XX). Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Chaliand, Gerard. "The Independence of Guinea-Bissau and the Heritage of [Amilcar] Cabral." In Revolution in the Third World. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1978.

   ■ Chilcote, Ronald H. Portuguese Africa. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1967.

   ■ Clarence-Smith, Gervase. Slaves, Peasants and Capitalists in Southern Angola 1840-1926. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.

   ■ ———. The Third Portuguese Empire 1825-1975: A Study in Economic Imperialism. Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press, 1985.

   ■ Coates, Timothy J. Convicts and Orphans: Forced and State-Sponsored Colonizers in the Portuguese Empire, 1550-1720. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2001.

   ■ Davies, Shann. Macau. Singapore: Times Editions, 1986.

   ■ Dias, C. Malheiro, ed. História da colonização portuguesa no Brasil, 3 vols. Oporto, 1921-24.

   ■ Diffie, Bailey W., and George Winius. Foundations of the Portuguese Empire, 1415-1580. Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press, 1977.

   ■ Disney, Anthony R. Twilight of the Pepper Empire: Portuguese Trade in Southwest India in the Early Seventeenth Century. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1978.

   ■ ———, and Emily Booth, eds. Vasco Da Gama and the Linking of Europe and Asia. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000.

   ■ Duffy, James. Shipwreck and Empire: Being an Account of Portuguese Maritime Disaster in a Century of Decline. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1955.

   ■ ———. Portuguese Africa. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1959. ———. Portugal in Africa. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1962.

   ■. "The Portuguese Territories." In Colin Legum, ed., Africa: A Handbook to the Continent. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1967. ———. A Question of Slavery. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1967. Felgas, Hélio. História do Congo Português. Carmona, Angola, 1958. ———. Guerra em Angola. Lisbon, 1961.

   ■ Galvão, Henrique, and Carlos Selvagam. O Império Ultramarino Português, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1953.

   ■ Gleijeses, Piero. Conflicting Missions: Havana, Washington and Africa, 19591976. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.

   ■ Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães. "Portugal and Her Empire." In The New Cambridge Modern History. Vol. V (1961): 384-97; Vol. VI (1963): 509-TO.

   ■ Grenfell, F. James. História da Igreja Baptista em Angola, 1879-1975. Queluz, Portugal: Núcleo, 1998.

   ■ Hammond, Richard J. "Economic Imperialism: Sidelights on a Stereotype." Journal of Economic History XXI, 4 (1961): 582-98.

   ■ ———. Portugal and Africa, 1815-1910: A Study in Uneconomic Imperialism. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1966.

   ■ Hanson, Carl. Portugal and the Wider World 1147-1497. New Orleans, La.: University Press of the South, 2001.

   ■ Harris, Marvin. Portugal's African Wards. New York: American Committee on Africa, 1957.

   ■ ———. "Portugal's Contribution to the Underdevelopment of Africa and Brazil." In Ronald H. Chilcote, ed., Protest & Resistance in Angola & Brazil: Comparative Studies, 209-23. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1972.

   ■ Henderson, Lawrence W. Angola: Five Centuries of Conflict. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1979. ———. A Igreja Em Angola. Lisbon: Edit. Além-Mar, 1990. Heywood, Linda. Contested Power in Angola 1840s to the Present. Rochester, N.Y.: University of Rochester Press, 2000.

   ■ Hilton, Anne. The Kingdom of Kongo. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985.

   ■ Hower, Alfred, and Richard Preto-Rodas, eds. Empire in Transition: The Portuguese World in the Time of Camões. Gainesville: University Presses of Florida, 1985.

   ■ Isaacman, Allen. "The Prazos da Coroa 1752-1830: A Functional Analysis of the Political System." STUDIA (Lisbon) 26 (1969): 149-78.

   ■. Mozambique: The Africanization of a European Institution: The Zambezi Prazos, 1750-1902. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1972.

   ■ ———. The Tradition of Resistance in Mozambique: Anti-Colonial Activity in the Zambesi Valley 1850-1921. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976.

   ■ James, Martin. Historical Dictionary of Angola, 3rd ed. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 2004.

   ■ Jardim, Jorge. Sanctions Double-Cross: Oil to Rhodesia. Lisbon, 1978. Johnson, Harold, and Maria Beatriz Nizza da Silva. O Império Luso-Brasileiro 1500-1620. Volume VI. In J. Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds. Nova História Da Expansão Portuguesa. Lisbon: Estampa, 1992. Joliffe, Jill. East Timor: Nationalism & Colonialism. University of Queensland Press, 1978.

   ■ Kea, Ray A. Settlements, Trade and Politics in the Seventeenth Century Gold Coast. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982.

   ■ Kohen, Arnold. From the Place of the Dead. The Epic Struggles of Bishop Belo of East Timor. New York: St Martins, 1999.

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   ■ Sideri, Sandro. Trade and Power: Informal Colonialism in Anglo-Portuguese Relations. Rotterdam: Rotterdam University Press, 1970.

   ■ Sousa, Carlos Hermenegildo de. A Aliança Anglo-Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1943.

   ■ Stone, Glyn A. "The Official British Attitude to the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, 1910-45." Journal of Contemporary History (London) 10, 4 (Oct. 1975): 729-46.

   ■. The Oldest Ally: Britain and the Portuguese Connection, 1936-1941. Woodbridge, U.K.: Royal Historical Society and Boydell Press, 1994. Teixeira, Nuno Severiano. O Ultimatum Inglês: Política Externa no Portugal do 1890. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■ Teles, Basilio. Do Ultimatum ao 30 de Janeiro. Oporto, 1905.

   ■ Vicente, António Pedro. "Um testemunho de 1796 sobre a Situação de Portugal face ao domínio inglês." In Arquivos do Centro Cultural Portugües, IV. Paris, 1972.

   ■ Vieira de Castro, Luís. D. Carlos I. ( Elementos de História Diplomática), 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1941.

   ■ Vincent-Smith, John. "Britain, Portugal and the First World War." European Studies Review 4, 3 (1974).

   ■. "The Portuguese Economy and the Anglo-Portuguese Commercial Treaty of 1916." Iberian Studies (Keele, U.K.) III, 2 (Autumn 1974): 49-54.

   ■. As Relações Políticas Luso-Britânicas 1910-1916. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. "The Portuguese Republic and Britain, 1910-14." Journal of Contemporary History 10, 4 (Oct. 1975): 707-27.

   ■ Vintras, R. E. The Portuguese Connection: A Secret History of the Azores Base. London: Bachman & Turner, 1974. Viriato [Pseud]. A Aliança lnglesa. Lisbon, 1914.

   ■ Walford, A. R. The British Factory in Lisbon and Its Closing Stages Ensuring upon the Treaty of 1810. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "The Portuguese in Angola, 1836-1891: A Study in Expansion and Administration." Ph.D. dissertation, History Department, Boston University, 1963.

   ■. "19th Century: Anglo-Portuguese Alliance and the Scramble for Africa." In BBC, 600 Years of Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, 40-43. London: BBC, 1973.

   ■. "The Price of Neutrality: Portugal, the Wolfram Question and World War II." Luso-Brazilian Review (Madison, Wisc.) 34, 1, 2 (Summer 1986; Winter 1986): 107-27; 97-111.

   ■ Wordsworth, William. William Wordsworth's Convention of Cintra: A Facsimile of the 1809 Tract [Introduction by Gordon Kent Thomas]. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 1983.

   ■ Young, George. Portugal Old and Young. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1917.

   ■ ANTHROPOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY, RURAL AND URBAN SOCIETY

   ■ Almeida, Miguel Vale de. The Hegemonic Male: Masculinity in a Portuguese Town. Oxford: Berghan, 1996.

   ■ Black, Richard. Crisis and Change in Rural Europe: Agricultural Development in the Portuguese Mountains. Aldershot, U.K.: Avebury and Ashgate, 1992.

   ■ Brettell, Caroline B. Men Who Migrate, Women Who Wait: Population and History in a Portuguese Parish. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1986.

   ■. "The Absence of Men." Natural History 96, 2 (Feb. 1987): 52-61.

   ■. "The Portuguese." In Encyclopedia of World Cultures. New Haven, Conn.: Human Relations Area Files, 1990.

   ■. "The Priest and His People: The Contractual Basis for Religious Practice in Rural Portugal." In Ellen Badone, ed., Religious Orthodoxy and Popular Faith in European Society, 55-75. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1990.

   ■ Brogger, Jan. Pre-bureaucratic Europeans: A Study of a Portuguese Fishing Community. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989. Cabral, Manuel Villaverde. "Portuguese Perspectives." Sociologia Ruralis [Journal of European Rural Sociology] XXIV, 1 (1986); number devoted to rural Portugal today. Chaney, Rick. Regional Emigration and Remittances in Developing Countries: The Portuguese Experience. New York: Praeger, 1986. Cole, Sally. Women of the Praia: Work and Lives in a Portuguese Colonial Community. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1991. Cutileiro, José. A Portuguese Rural Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.

   ■ Deschamps, Paul. Portugal: La Vie Sociale Actuelle. Paris, 1935.

   ■. Histoire Sociale du Portugal. Paris, 1959.

   ■ Dias, Jorge. Rio do Onor-comunitarismo agropastoral. Oporto, 1953.

   ■. Ensaios Etnológicos. Lisbon, 1961.

   ■. The Portuguese Contribution to Cultural Anthropology. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1964.

   ■. Vilarinho Da Furna: Uma Aldeia Comunitária. Rev. ed. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Downs, Charles. Os Moradores à Conquista da Cidade. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■. "Community Organization, Political Change and Urban Policy: Portugal. 1974-1976." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Sociology. University of California, 1980.

   ■. "Residents' Commissions and Urban Struggles in Revolutionary Portugal." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Dracklé, Dorlé. Macht und Ohnmacht: Der Kampf num die Agarreform im Alentejo ( Portugal). Gottingen, Germany: Edit. Re, 1991.

   ■ Espírito Santo, Moise. Communidade Rural ao Norte do Tejo. Lisbon, 1980.

   ■ Feijó, Rui, H. Martins, and João de Pina Cabral, eds. Death in Portugal. Oxford: Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford, 1983.

   ■ Feijó, Rui Graça. "State, Nation and Regional Diversity in Portugal: An Overview." In Richard Herr and John H. Polt, eds., Iberian Identity: Essays on the Nature of Identity in Portugal and Spain, 37-47. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1989.

   ■ Feio, Mariano. Les Bas Alentejo et l'Algarve. Lisbon, 1949.

   ■ Ferreira de Almeida, João. Classes sociais nos campos. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Fonseca, Ramiro da. O Livro da Saúde e da Doença. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Gallop, Rodney. Portugal: A Book of Folk-Ways. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1936. Reprinted, 1961.

   ■ Hoefgen, Lynn. "The Integration of Returnees from the Colonies into Portugal's Social and Economic Life." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, 1985.

   ■ Ingerson, Alice Elizabeth. "Corporatism and Class Consciousness in Northwestern Portugal." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology. Johns Hopkins University, 1984.

   ■ Jenkins, Robin. The Road to Alto. London: Pluto Press, 1979.

   ■ Lawrence, Denise. "Menstrual Politics: Women and Pigs in Rural Portugal." In T. Buckley and A. Gottlieb, eds., Blood Magic: The Anthropology of Menstruation, 117-36. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.

   ■. "Suburbanization of House Form and Gender Relations in a Rural Portuguese Agro-Town." Architecture and Behavior 4, 3 (1988): 197-212.

   ■ Martins, Hermínio. "Portugal." In Margaret S. Archer and Salvador Giner, eds., Contemporary Europe: Class, Status and Power. New York: St. Martins, 1971.

   ■ Mattoso, José. Identificação de um país. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Merten, Peter. Anarchismüs und Arbeiterkãmpf in Portugal. Hamburg: Libera-tare Association, 1981.

   ■ Monteiro, Paulo. Terra que ja foi terra: Análise Sociológica de nove lugares agro-pastorais da Serra da Lousã. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Nataf, Daniel. "Social Cleavages and Regime Formation in Contemporary Portugal." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Political Science, UCLA, 1987.

   ■ Nazareth, J. Manuel. "Familia e Emigração em Portugal: Ensaio Exploratório." Economia e Socialismo 23 (1977): 31-50.

   ■ O'Neill, Brian Juan. "Dying and Inheriting in Rural Tras-os-Montes." Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford 14 (1983): 44-74.

   ■. Social Inequality in a Portuguese Hamlet: Land, Late Marriage, and Inheritance, 1870-1978. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

   ■ Pacheco, Helder. Tradições Populares de Portugal. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Pardoe, Julia. Traits and Traditions of Portugal, 2 vols. London, 1832.

   ■ Pereira Neto, João Baptista. "Social Evolution in Portugal since 1945." In Raymond S. Sayers, ed., Portugal and Brazil in Transition, 212-27. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1968.

   ■ Pina-Cabral, João de. Sons of Adam, Daughters of Eve: The Peasant World-View of the Alto Minho. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986.

   ■. "Sociocultural Differentiation and Regional Identity in Portugal." In

   ■ R. Herr and J. H. Polt, eds., Iberian Identity, 3-18. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, 1989.

   ■ Poinard, Michel. La Retour des Traveilleurs Portugais. Paris: La Documentation Francaise, 1979.

   ■ Reed, Robert Roy. "Managing the Revolution: Revolutionary Promise and Political Reality in Rural Portugal." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, 1988.

   ■ Riegelhaupt, Joyce F. "In the Shadow of the City: Integration of a Portuguese Village" [São João das Lampas, nr, Cascais]. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Columbia University, 1964.

   ■. "Saloio Women: An Analysis of Informal and Formal Political and Economic Roles of Portuguese Peasant Women." Anthropological Quarterly 40, 3 (July 1967): 109-26.

   ■. "Festas and Padres: The Organization of Religious Action in a Portuguese Parish." American Anthropologist 75 (1973): 835-52.

   ■. "Peasants and Politics in Salazar's Portugal: The Corporate State and Village 'Nonpolitics'" In L. S. Graham and H. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents, 167-90. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ Rodrigues, Julieta E. S. de Almeida. "Continuity and Change in Urban Portuguese Women's Roles: Emerging New Household Structures." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Sociology, Columbia University, 1979.

   ■ Rowland, Robert. "Demographic Patterns and Rural Society in Portugal." So-ciologica Ruralis 26, 1 (1986): 36-47.

   ■ Sanchis, Pierre. Arraial. La Fête d'un Peuple: Les Pélerinages Populaires au Portugal. Paris, 1976.

   ■ Siegel, Bernard J. "Social Structure and Medical Practitioners in Rural Brazil and Portugal." Sociologia (São Paulo) 20, 4 (Oct. 1958): 463-76.

   ■. "Conflict, Parochialism and Social Differentiation in Portuguese Society." Journal of Conflict Resolution V, 1 (March 1961): 35-12.

   ■ Smith, T. Lynn. "The Social Relationships of Man to the Land in Portugal." Sociologia 25, 1 (Dec. 1963): 319-43.

   ■ Sousa Santos, Boaventura. "Estado e sociedade na semiperíferia do sistema mundiale: O caso português." Análise Social 87-89 (1985): 869-902.

   ■. "Social Crisis and the State." In Kenneth Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation, 167-95. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Vasconcellos, Joaquim Leite de. Ethnograia Portuguesa, 8 vols. Lisbon, 1941-82.

   ■. Tradições Populares Portugueses. New ed. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Willems, Emilio. "On Portuguese Family Structure." International Journal of Comparative Society (Dharwar, India) 3, 1 (Sept. 1962): 65-79.

   ■ ARTS, ARCHITECTURE, URBAN PLANNING, MUSIC

   ■ Almeida, Rodrigo Vicente de. História da Arte em Portugal: ( Segundo Estudo) Documentos lnéditos. Oporto, 1883. Almeida D'Eca, Admiral Vicente M. Castles of Portugal. Lisbon, 1925. Amaral, Francisco K. Lisboa: Uma Cidade em Transformação. Lisbon, 1969. Azevedo, Carlos de, and Chester Brummel. Churches of Portugal. New York: Scala Books, 1985.

   ■ Barreira, João, ed. Arte Portuguesa: As Decorativas, 2 vols. Lisbon, n.d.

   ■ Barretto, Mascarenhas, and George Dykes. Fado: Lyrical Origins and Poetical Motivation. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Binney, Marcus. Country Manors of Portugal. London: Scala, 1987.

   ■ Branco, Luís de Freitas. A Música em Portugal. Lisbon, 1930.

   ■ Brito, Manuel Carlos de. Opera in Portugal in the Eighteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

   ■ Carvalho, Pinto de. História de Fado. Lisbon, 1903 and 1982 eds.

   ■ Castro d'Aire, Teresa. O Fado. Lisbon: Temas da Actualidade, 1996.

   ■ Chicó, Mário Tavares. A Architectura Gótica em Portugal. Lisbon, 1968.

   ■ França, José-Augusto. A Arte em Portugal No Século XIX. Lisbon, 1966.

   ■. Lisboa Pombalina e o Illuminismo, 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■. A Reconstrucão e a Arquitectura Pombalina. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Gallop, Rodney. "The Fado (The Portuguese Song of Fate)." Musical Quarterly XIX (1933): 199-213.

   ■. Eight Portuguese Folksongs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1936.

   ■ Gil, Júlio. The Finest Churches in Portugal. Lisbon, 1988.

   ■. The Finest Castles in Portugal, 3rd ed. George F. W. Dykes, trans. Lisbon, 1996.

   ■ Gonçalves, Rui Mário. Pintura e escultura em Portugal. Lisbon: Instituto de Cultura, 1984.

   ■. 100 Pintores Portugueses do século XX. Lisbon: Alfa, 1986.

   ■ Kubler, George. Portuguese Plain Architecture: Between Spices and Diamonds, 1521-1706. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press, 1972.

   ■. Studies in Ancient American and European Art: The Collected Essays of George Kubler. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1985.

   ■, and Martin Soria. Art and Architecture in Spain and Portugal. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1959.

   ■ Lacerda, Aarão de. História da Arte em Portugal, 2 vols. Oporto, 1942-48.

   ■ Leão, Joaquim de Sousa. "Decorative Art: The Azulejo." In H. V. Livermore, ed. Portugal and Brazil: An Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1953.

   ■ Lopes Graça, Fernando. A canção popular portuguesa. Lisbon, 1953.

   ■. A música portuguesa e os sus problemas: Ensaios. Lisbon, 1959.

   ■ Moita, Luís. O fado: canção de vencidos. Lisbon, 1936.

   ■ Neves, José Cassiano. The Palace and Gardens of Fronteira: Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century Portuguese Style. Lisbon: Quetzal and Scala, 1995. North, C.T. Guia dos castelos antigos de Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon: Bertrand Ed., 2002.

   ■ Pacheco, Jose. Stuart Carvalhais. O desenho grafico e a imprensa. Lisbon: Biblioteca do Empresario, 2000. Pereira, Paulo, ed. Arte portuguesa. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1995. Picchio, Luciana Stegagno. Storia del Teatro Portoghese. Rome: Edizinio deli' Ateneo, 1964.

   ■ Queirós, José. Cerâmica Portuguesa, 2 vols. 2nd rev. ed. Lisbon, 1948.

   ■ Santos, Luís Reis. Monuments of Portugal. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■ Santos, Reinaldo dos. A Escultura em Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1948-50.

   ■. História da Arte em Portugal. Oporto, 1953.

   ■ Sasportes, José. História da Dança em Portugal. Lisbon, 1970. Simões, J. M. dos Santos. "Azulejos in a Land of Many Colours." Connoisseur (London) CXXXVII, 551 (1956): 15-21.

   ■. Azulejaria em Portugal no Século X VIII. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Smith, Robert C. A Talha em Portugal. Lisbon, 1963.

   ■. The Art of Portugal, 1500-1800. London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1968.

   ■. "The Building of Mafra." Apollo 97, 134 (April 1973): 360-67.

   ■ Stoop, Anne de. Demeures portugaises dans les environs de Lisbonne. Paris: Weber, 1986.

   ■. Palais et manoirs: Le Minho. Paris: Ed. du Seuil, 1995.

   ■ Tannock, Michael. Portuguese 20th Century Artists: A Biographical Dictionary. Chichester, U.K.: Phillimore, 1978.

   ■ Taylor, René. "The Architecture of Port Wine." The Architectural Review CXXIX, 772 (1961): 368-99.

   ■ Terol, Marylene. Azulejos a Lisbonne. Paris: Hervas, 1992.

   ■ Veiga de Oliveira, Ernesto. Instrumentos musicais populares portugueses. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Watson, Walter Crum. Portuguese Architecture. London: Constable, 1908. Wohl, Hellmut. "Carlos Mardel and His Lisbon Architecture." Apollo 97, 134 (April 1973): 350-59.

   ■ Sculpture and Ceramics

   ■ Andrade, Sergio de. "Presepios." In Dicionario de Arte Barroca em Portugal. Lisbon: Presenca, 1989. Barreira, Joao. Arte Portuguesa, Arquitectura e Escultura. Lisbon: Excelsior, n.d.

   ■ Cardoso, Arnaldo Pinto. O Presepio Barroco Portugues. Lisbon: Bertrand, 2003.

   ■ Chaves, Luis. Os Barristas Portugueses. Coimbra, 1925.

   ■. Natal Portugues. Oporto: Liv. Classica Editora, 1942.

   ■ Gargano, Pietro. Il Presepio. Otto Secoli di Storia, Arte, Tradizione. Milan: Fenice, 1995.

   ■ Lima, Henrique de Campos F. Joaquim Machado de Castro, Escultor Conimbricense. Coimbra: Instituto de Historia de Arte, 1989. Macedo, Diogo de. Presepios Portugueses. Lisbon: Artis, 1951.

   ■. Machado de Castro. Lisbon: Artis, 1958.

   ■ Morais, Heitor. Natal do Meu Coracao. Braga: Ed. A.O., 1991.

   ■ Pais, Alexandre Nobre. Presepios Portugueses Monumentos do Seculo XVIII em Terracotta, 2 vols. Master's thesis in history of art, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1998.

   ■ Queiros, Jose. Ceramica Portuguesa. Lisbon: Presenca, 1998. Santos, Reinaldo dos. A Escultura em Portugal. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1951. Serrao, Vitor. Historia da Arte em Portugal IV-O Barroco. Lisbon: Presenca, 2003.

   ■ Smith, Robert C. The Art Of Portugal 1500-1800. New York: Meredith Press, 1968.

   ■ Sousa, Ernesto de. Presepios. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1998.

   ■ Cinema

   ■ Antunes, Joao and Jose de Matos-Cruz, Cinema Portugues 1896-1998. Lisbon: Lusomundo, 1997.

   ■ Bandeira, Jose Gomes. Porto: 100 anos de cinema portugues. Oporto: Camara Municipal do Porto, 1996. Duarte, Fernando. Primitivos do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Cinecultura, 1960.

   ■ Faria de Almeida, M., Resumo da Historia do Cinema. Lisbon: RTP, 1982. Nobre, Roberto. Singularidades do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Portugalia, n.d.

   ■ Pina, Luis de. Aventura do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Vega, 1977.

   ■. Documentarismo Portugues. Lisbon: IPC, 1977.

   ■. Panorama do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Terra Livre, 1978.

   ■. Historia do Cinema Portugues. Mem Martins: Europa-America, 1986.

   ■ Ribeiro, Felix. O Cinema Portugues antes do Sonoro. Esboco Historiconema Portugues. Lisbon: Terra Livre, 1978.

   ■. Panorama do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: n.d.

   ■ Children's Literature

   ■ Andresen, Sofia de Melo Breyner. A Fada Oriana. 9th ed. Lisbon: Figueiri-nhas, 1985.

   ■ Araújo, Matilde Rosa. A estrada fascinante. Lisbon: Livros Horizonte, 1988. Barreto, Garcia. Literatura Para Crianças E Jovens Em Portugal. Oporto:

   ■ Campo Das Letras, 1998. Bastos, Glória. A escrita para crianças em Portugal no seculo XIX. Lisbon:

   ■ Caminho da Educaçao, 1997. Cadet, Maria Rita Chiappe. Os Contos da Mamã. Lisbon: Lallement Freres, 1883.

   ■ Castro, Fernanda. Mariazinha em Africa, 2nd ed. Lisbon: Portugália, 1947. Cross, Esther, and Wilbur Cross. Portugal. Chicago: Childrens Press, 1986. DeSkalon, Anna, and Christa Stadtler. We Live in Portugal. New York: Watts, 1987.

   ■ Gomes, Alice. A Nau Catrineta, 2nd ed. Lisbon: Portugália, 1973.

   ■. A literatura para a infância. Lisbon: Torres & Abreu, 1979.

   ■ Letria, José Jorge. Do sentimento mágico da vida. Lisbon: Escritor, 1994. Müller, Adolfo Simões. Historiazinha de Portugal, 6th ed. Oporto: Tavares Martins, 1983.

   ■ Osório, Ana de Castro. Para as crianças. Illustr. by Leal da Câmara. Setúbal: Liv. Crianças, 1908.

   ■ Pires, Maria Laura Bettencourt. História da literatura infantil portuguesa. Lisbon: Vega, 1981. Ribeiro, Aquilino. Arca de Noé-III Classe. Lisbon, 1989. Rocha, Natércia. Breve História da Literatura para Crianças em Portugal. Lisbon: Instituto de Cultura e Língua Portuguesa, 1984.

   ■. Bibliografia geral da literatura portuguesa para crianças. Lisbon: Edit. Comunicação, 1987.

   ■ Sá, Domingos Guimarães de. A literatura infantil em Portugal. Braga: Edit. Franciscana, 1981.

   ■ Selfridge. John. Portugal. New York: Chelsea House, 1990. Vaz de Carvalho, Maria Amália. Contos para os Nossos Filhos, 11th ed. Oporto: Barreira, 1947.

   ■ Viana, António Manuel Couto. Jõao de Deus e um século de literatura infantil em Portugal. Lisbon: Ed. do Templo, 1978.

   ■ Lisbon, Capital City, in History and Literature

   ■ Castelo-Branco, Fernando. Lisboa Seiscentista, 3rd ed. Lisbon: 1969.

   ■ Castilho, Júlio de. Lisboa Antiga, 7 vols. Lisbon, 1935-45.

   ■ Couto, Dejanirah. Histoire de Lisbonne. Paris: Fayard, 2000.

   ■ Crespo, Ángel. Lisboa Mítica e Literária. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1987.

   ■ Dias, Marina Tavares. Lisboa Desaparecida. Lisbon: Quimera, 1990.

   ■ Dionísio, Sant'anna, ed. Guia de Portugal. Vol. I: Lisboa e Arredores. Lisbon: Biblioteca Nacional de Lisboa, 1924, orig. ed; reprint, Gulbenkian Foundation, 1979.

   ■ França, José-Augusto. Lisboa Pombalina e o Iluminismo. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1977.

   ■ Moita, Irisalva, ed. O Livro de Lisboa. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1994.

   ■ Neves, Orlando. Lisboa em Crónica. Lisbon: Author's Ed., 1968.

   ■ Pavão, Luís, and Mário Pereira. Tabernas de Lisboa. Lisbon: Assírio & Alvim, 1981.

   ■ Pessoa, Fernando. Lisboa. O que o turista deve ver: What the Tourist Should See. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1997.

   ■ Queirós, José Maria Eça de. À Capital. Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1960.

   ■ Santos, Piedade Braga, et al. Lisboa Setecentista vista por Estrangeiros. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1996.

   ■ Vieira, Alice. Esta Lisboa. Lisbon: Caminho, 1993.

   ■ Wright, David, and Patrick Swift. Lisbon: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1971.

   ■ The Inquisition in History

   ■ Azevedo, João Lúcio. Historia das Cristãos-Novos. Lisbon: Liv. Clássica, 1975.

   ■ Baião, António. A Inquisição em Portugal e no Brasil: Subsídios para a sua história. Lisbon: Arquivo Histórico Portugues, 1906. Bethencourt, Francisco. "Portugal: A Scrupulous Inquisition," In Bengt Ankarloo and Gustav Henningsen, eds., Early Modern Witchcraft: Centres and Peripheries, 403-22. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.

   ■. "Os equilíbrios sociais do Poder." In José Mattoso, ed., Historia De Portugal, Vol. 3, No Alvorecer Da Modernidade ( 1480-1620). Lisbon: Estampa, 1993.

   ■. História das Inquisições: Portugal, Espanha e Itália. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1994.

   ■ Braga, Maria Luísa. A Inquisição em Portugal na primeira metade do Séc. XVIII. Lisbon: Inst. Nacional de Investigação Científica, 1992.

   ■ Haliczer, Stephen, ed. Inquisition and Society in Early Modern Europe. London: Croom Helm, 1987.

   ■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. Reprint. New York: AMS Press, 1968.

   ■ Magalhães, Joaquim Romero. "Em Busca dos Tempos da Inquisição (15731615)." Revista de História das Ideias 9 (1987): 191-228.

   ■ Mea, Elvira Cunha Azevedo. A Inquisição de Coimbra no Século XVI. Oporto, 1989.

   ■ Mendonça, José Lourenço D. de, and António Joaquim Moreira. História da Inquisição em Portugal. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1980.

   ■ Novinsky, Anita, and Luísa M. Carneiro, eds. Inquisição: Ensaios sobre Mentalidade, Heresias e Arte. Rio de Janeiro: Expressão e Cultura, 1992.

   ■ Pereira, Isais da Rosa. Documentos para a história da Inquisição em Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Rego, Yvonne Cunha, ed. Feiticeiros, Profetas e Visionários: Textos Antigos Portugueses. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional e Casa da Moeda, 1981.

   ■ Saraiva, António José. Inquisição e cristãos-novos. Lisbon: Estampa, 1985.

   ■ Walker, Timothy Dale. "Doctors, Folk Medicine and the Inquisition: The Repression of Popular Healing in Portugal during the Enlightenment Era." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of History, Boston University, 2001.

   ■ Literature in English Translation: Selection

   ■ Alcaforado, Mariana. The Letters of a Portuguese Nun ( Mariana Alcaforado). Edgar Prestage, trans. London: D. Nutt, 1893.

   ■ Andrade, Eugénio de. "White on White." Alexis Levitin, trans. Quarterly Review of Literature. Poetry Series VIII. Vol. 27. Princeton, N.J., 1987.

   ■. Another Name for Earth; O outro nome da terra. Alexis Levitin, trans. Ft. Bragg, Calif.: QED Press, 1997.

   ■ Andresen, Sophia de Mello Breyner. Marine Rose: Selected Poems. Ruth Fain-light, trans. Redding Ridge, Conn.: Swan Books, 1989.

   ■ Antunes, António Lobo. South of Nowhere. Elizabeth Lowe, trans. New York: Random House, 1983.

   ■. Fado Alexandrino. Gregory Rabassa, trans. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1990.

   ■. An Explanation of the Birds. Richard Zenith, trans. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1991.

   ■. Act of the Damned. New York: Grove Press, 1995.

   ■. The Natural Order of Things. New York: Grove Press, 2000.

   ■ Barreno, Maria Isabel, Maria Teresa Horta, and Maria Velho da Costa. The Three Marias: New Portuguese Letters. Helen R. Lane, trans. New York: Doubleday, 1975.

   ■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. Poems from the Portuguese ( with the Portuguese text). A.

   ■ Bell, trans. Oxford: Blackwell, 1913.

   ■ Camões, Luís de. The Lusiads of Luís de Camões. Leonard Bacon, trans. New York: Hispanic Society of America, 1950.

   ■. The Lusiads. William C. Atkinson, trans. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1952.

   ■. The Lusiads. Landeg White, trans. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

   ■ Castelo Branco, Camilo. Doomed Love ( A Family Memoir). Alice R. Clemente, trans Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1995. Castro, José Maria Ferreira de. Emigrants. Dorothy Ball, trans. New York: Macmillan, 1962.

   ■. Jungle. Charles Duff, trans. New York: Viking, 1935.

   ■. The Mission. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Hamilton, 1963.

   ■ Dantas, Júlio. The Cardinals' Collation, 48th ed. A. Saintsbury, trans. London, 1962.

   ■ Dias de Melo. Dark Stones. Gregory McNab, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1996.

   ■ Dinis, Júlio. The Fidalgos of Casa Mourisca. Rosanna Dabney, trans. Boston: D. Lothrop, 1891.

   ■ Garrett, Almeida. Brother Luiz de Sousa [play]. Edgar Prestage, trans. London: Elkin Mathess, 1909.

   ■. Travels in My Homeland. John M. Parker, trans. London: Peter Owen and UNESCO, 1987. Griffin, Jonathan. Camões: Some Poems Translated from the Portuguese by Jonathan Griffin. London: Menard Press, 1976. Jorge, Lídia. The Murmuring Coast. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1995.

   ■ Lisboa, Eugénio, ed. Portuguese Short Fiction. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1997.

   ■ Lopes, Fernão. The English in Portugal 1367-87: Extracts from the Chronicles of Dom Fernando and Dom João. Derek W. Lomax and R. J. Oakley, eds. and trans. Warminster, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1988.

   ■ Macedo, Helder, ed. Contemporary Portuguese Poetry: An Anthology in English. Helder Macedo, et al., trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet New Press, 1978.

   ■ Martins, J. P. De Oliveira. A History of Iberian Civilization. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans.; preface by Salvador de Madariaga. New York: Cooper Square, 1969.

   ■ Mendes Pinto, Fernão. The Travels of Mendes Pinto [Orig. title: Peregrinação].

   ■ Rebecca D. Catz, trans., with introduction and notes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989. Miguéis, José Rodrigues. A Man Smiles at Death with Half a Face. George

   ■ Monteiro, trans. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1991.

   ■. Happy Easter. John Byrne, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1995.

   ■. Steerage and Ten Other Stories. George Monteiro, ed. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1998. Monteiro, Luís De Sttau. The Rules of the Game. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Hamilton, 1965.

   ■ Mourão-Ferreira, David. Lucky in Love. Christine Robinson, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1999. Namora, Fernando. Field of Fate. Dorothy Ball, trans. London: Macmillan, 1970.

   ■. Mountain Doctor. Dorothy Ball, trans. London: Macmillan, 1956.

   ■ Nemésio, Vitorino. Inclement Weather over the Channel. Francisco Cota Fagundes, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1993.

   ■. Stormy Isles: An Azorean Tale. Francisco C. Fagundes, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 2000.

   ■ Paço D'Arcos, Joaquim. Memoirs of a Banknote. Robert Lyle, trans. London, 1968.

   ■ Pedroso, Consiglieri, comp. Portuguese Folk-Tales. Henriqueta Monteiro, trans. Reprint of orig. 1882 ed. New York: Benjamin Blom, 1969.

   ■ Pessoa, Fernando. Fernando Pessoa: Sixty Portuguese Poems. F. E. G. Quintanilha, ed. and trans. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1971.

   ■. Selected Poems: Fernando Pessoa. 2nd rev. ed. Jonathan Griffin, trans. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1982.

   ■. The Book of Disquiet. Alfred MacAdams, trans. New York: Pantheon, 1991.

   ■. Fernando Pessoa: Selected Poems. Peter Rickard, ed. and trans. Edinburgh, U.K.: Edinburgh University Press, 1991.

   ■. "The Mariner: A 'Static Drama' in One Act." In Translation: Portugal.

   ■ George Ritchie, et al., trans. The Journal of Literary Translation. Vol. XXV, 38-56. New York: Translation Center, Columbia University, 1991.

   ■. Message: Bilingual Edition. Jonathan Griffin, trans. London: Menard Press and King's College, 1992.

   ■ Pires, José Cardoso. Ballad of a Dog's Beach. Mary Fitton, trans. London: J. M. Dent, 1986.

   ■ Queirós, José Maria Eça de. Cousin Bazilio. Roy Campbell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1953.

   ■. The Relic. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1954.

   ■. The City and the Mountains. Roy Campbell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1955.

   ■. The Sin of Father Amaro. Nan Flanagan, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1962.

   ■. The Maias. Patricia McGowan Pinheiro, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1965.

   ■. The Illustrious House of Ramires. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1968.

   ■. Letters from England. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1970.

   ■. To the Capital. John Vetch, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1995.

   ■ Quental, Antero de. Sixty-four Sonnets. Edgar Prestage, trans. London: David Nutt, 1894.

   ■ Redol, Alves. The Man with Seven Names. L. L. Barrett, trans. New York: Knopf, 1964.

   ■ Resende, André de. André deResende's 'Poema Latina'/ 'Latinpoems.' J. C. R. Martyn, ed. and trans. Lewiston N.Y.: Lampeter and Edwin Mellen, 1998. Ribeiro, Aquilino. When the Wolves Howl. Patricia McGowan Pinheiro, trans. New York: Macmillan; London: Cape, 1963. Sá Carneiro, Mário de. The Great Shadow ( and Other Stories). Margaret Jull Costa, trans. Sawtry, U.K.: Dedalus, 1996. Santareno, Bernardo. The Promise. Nelson H. Vieira, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1981.

   ■ Saramago, José. Baltasar and Blimunda. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1987.

   ■. The Stone Raft. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1991.

   ■. The Year of the Death of Ricardo Reis. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1991.

   ■. The History of the Siege of Lisbon. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1996.

   ■. Blindness. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1999.

   ■. Tale of the Unknown Island. New York: Harcourt Brace, 2000.

   ■. All the Names. Margaret Jull Costa, trans. New York: Harcourt, 2000.

   ■. Journey to Portugal. New York: Harcourt Brace, 2001.

   ■ Sena, Jorge de. The Poetry of Jorge de Sena: A Bilingual Selection. Frederick G. Williams et al., trans. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Mudborn Press, 1980.

   ■. By the Rivers of Babylon and Other Stories. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1989.

   ■ Vicente, Gil. Four Plays of Gil Vicente: Edited from the Editio Princeps ( 1562). Aubrey F. G. Bell, ed. and trans. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1920.

   ■. Lyrics of Gil Vicente. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Hispanic Notes and Monographs, Portuguese Series 1, 1921.

   ■. The Play of Rubena. Jack E. Tomlins, trans.; Rene P. Garay and José I. Suarez, eds. New York: National Hispanic Foundation for Humanities, 1993.

   ■. The Boat Plays. David Johnston, trans. and adaptation. London: Oberon, 1996.

   ■. Three Discovery Plays. Anthony Lappin, trans. Warminster, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1997.

   ■ Vieira, António. Dust Thou Art. Rev. W. Anderson, trans. London, 1882.

   ■ Portuguese and Portuguese-American Cooking: Cuisine

   ■ Anderson, Jean. Food of Portugal. New York: Hearst, 1994. Asselin, E. Donald. A Portuguese-American Cookbook. Rutland, Vt.: Charles E. Tuttle, 1966.

   ■ Bourne, Ursula. Portuguese Cookery. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1973. Crato, Maria Helena Tavares. Cozinha Portuguesa I, II. Lisbon: Editorial Presença, 1978.

   ■ Dienhart, Miriam, and Anne Emerson, ed. Cooking in Portugal. Cascais: American Women of Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Feibleman, Peter S. The Cooking of Spain and Portugal. New York: Time-Life Books; Foods of the World, 1969.

   ■ Koehler, Margaret H. Recipes from the Portuguese of Provincetown. Riverside, Conn.: Chatham Press, 1973. Manjny, Maite. The Home Book of Portuguese Cookery. London: Faber & Faber, 1974.

   ■ Marques, Susan Lowndes. Good Food from Spain and Portugal. London: Muller, 1956.

   ■ Modesto, Maria de Lourdes. Cozinha Tradicional Portuguesa. Lisbon: Verbo, 1982.

   ■ Ortiz, Elisabeth Lambert. The Food of Spain and Portugal. The Complete Iberian Cuisine. New York: Atheneum, 1989. Pinto, Elvira. La Bonne Cuisine Portugaise. Paris: Edicions Garanciere, 1985.

   ■ Robertson, Carol. Portuguese Cooking: The Authentic and Robust Cuisine of Portugal. Berkeley Calif.: North Atlantic, 1993. Schmaeling, Tony. The Cooking of Spain and Portugal. Ware, U.K.: Omega, 1983.

   ■ Vieira, Édite. The Taste of Portugal. London: Robinson, 1989.

   ■ Von Treskow, Maria. Zü Gast in Portugal: Eine Kulnarische Reise in Garten Europas. Weingarten: Kunstverlag, 1989. Wright, Carol. Portuguese Food. London: Dent, 1969.

   ■. Self-catering in Portugal: Making the Most of Local Food and Drink. London: Croom Helm, 1986.

   ■ Gardens and Gardening of Portugal and Madeira

   ■ Afonso, Simonetta Luz, and Angela Delaforce. Palace of Queluz— The Gardens. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Araújo, Iluídio Alves de. Arte Paisagista e Arte das Jardins em Portugal. Lisbon, 1962.

   ■ Azeredo, Francisco de. Casas Senhoriais Portuguesas. Barcelos, 1986.

   ■ Binney, Marcus. Country Manors of Portugal. New York: Scala Books, 1987.

   ■ Bowe, Patrick, and Nicolas Sapieha. Gardens of Portugal. New York: Scala Books and Harper and Row, 1989.

   ■ Cane, Florence du. The Flowers and Gardens of Madeira. London, 1924.

   ■ Cardoso, Pedro Homem, and Helder Carita. Da Grandeza das Jardins em Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Carita, Helder, and Homem Cardoso. Portuguese Gardens. London: Antique Collector's Club, 1987.

   ■ Costa, António da, and Luís de O. Franquinho. Madeira: Plantas e Floras. Funchal, 1986.

   ■ Nichols, Rose Standish. Spanish and Portuguese Gardens. Boston, 1926.

   ■ Pereira, Arthur D. Sintra and Its Farm Manors. Sintra, 1983.

   ■ Sampaio, Gonçalo. Flora Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1946.

   ■ Sitwell, Sacheverell. Portugal and Madeira. London: Batsford, 1945.

   ■ Underwood, John, and Pat Underwood. Landscapes of Madeira. London, 1980.

   ■ Vieira, Rui. Flowers of Madeira. Funchal, 1973.

   ■ Viterbo, Francisco Marques de Sousa. A Jardinagem em Portugal, 2 vols. Coimbra, 1906-9.

   ■ Education, Science, Health, and Medical History

   ■ Albuquerque, Luís de. Estudos de História, 3 vols. Coimbra, 1973-81.

   ■. Ciência e experiência nos Descobrimentos portugueses. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■. Para a História de Ciência em Portugal. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■. As Navegaçoes E A Sua Projecção Na Ciência E Na Cultura. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Baião, Antônio. Episódios Dramáticos da Inquisição Portuguesa, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1936-55.

   ■ Cabreira, Antônio. Portugal nos mares e nas ciências. Lisbon, 1929. Carvalho, Rômulo de. A Astronomia em Portugal (séc. xviii). Lisbon, 1985. Fernandes, Barahona. Egas Moniz: Pioneiro de descobrimentos médicos. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Gaitonde, P. D. Portuguese Pioneers in India: Spotlight on Medicine. London: Sangam Books, 1983.

   ■ Hanson, Carl A. "Portuguese Cosmology in the Late Seventeenth Century." In Benjamin F. Taggie and Richard W. Clement, eds., Iberia & the Mediterranean, 75-85. Warrensburg: Central Missouri State University, 1989.

   ■ Higgins, Michael H., and Charles F. S. de Winton. Survey of Education in Portugal. London, 1942.

   ■ Hirsch, Elizabeth Feist. Damião de Góis: The Life and Thought of a Portuguese Humanist. The Hague, 1967.

   ■ Lemos, Maximiano. Arquivos de História da Medicina Portuguesa. Several vols. Lisbon, 1886-1923. Vol. I. História da Medicina em Portugal. Doutrina e Instituições. Lisbon, 1899.

   ■ Mira, Matias Ferreira de. História da Medicina Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1948.

   ■ Orta, Garcia de. Colóquios dos Simples e Drogas e Cousas Medicinais da India. Conde de Ficalho, ed., 2 vols. Lisbon, 1891-95.

   ■ Osório, J. Pereira. História e Desenvolvimento da Ciência em Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1986-89.

   ■ Pina, Luís de. "Uma prioridade portuguesa do século XVI. João de Barros e a Dactiloscópia Oriental." Arquivo da Repartição de Antropologia Criminal IV (1936).

   ■. "As Ciências na História do Império Colonial Português — Séculos XV a XIX." Anais de Faculdade de Ciências do Porto ( 1939-10).

   ■. "Os Portugueses Mestres de Ciência e Metras no Estrangeiro." Actas do Congresso do Mundo Português. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■. "A Ciência em Portugal (bosquejo Histórico)." In Secretariado Nacional da Informação, ed., Portugal: Breviário Da Pátria Para Os Portugueses Ausentes, 277-301. Lisbon, 1946.

   ■ Richards, Robert A. C., ed. Guide to World Science: Vol. 9: Spain and Portugal, 2nd ed. Guernsey, U.K.: F. H. Books, 1974.

   ■ Saraiva, António José. História da Cultura em Portugal, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1950-62.

   ■ ———. "João de Barros." In Serrao, ed., Dicionário de História de Portugal 1 (1963): 307-8.

   ■ Silvestre Ribeiro, José. História dos Establecimentos Scientíficos, Literários e Artísticos de Portugal nos Successivos Reinados da Monarchia, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1871-83.

   ■ Veiga-Pires, J. A., and Ronald G. Grainger, eds. Pioneers in Angiography: The Portuguese School ofAngiography. Lancaster, U.K.: MTP Press, 1982.

   ■ Walker, Timothy. "Doctors, Folk Medicine and the Inquisition: The Repression of Popular Healing in Portugal during the Enlightenment Era." Ph.D. dissertation, History Department, Boston University, 2001.

   ■ Feminism and Women's Studies

   ■ Barbosa, Madelena. "Women in Portugal." Women's Studies International Quarterly 4 (1981): 477-80.

   ■ Barreno, Maria Isabel, Maria Teresa Horta, and Maria Velho da Costa. Novas Cartas Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1972.

   ■ ———. The Three Marias. New Portuguese Letters. Helen R. Lane, trans. New York: Doubleday, 1975.

   ■ Brettell, Caroline B. We Have Already Cried Many Tears: The Stories of Three Portuguese Migrant Women. Cambridge, Mass.: Schenkman, 1982.

   ■ Ferreira, Virginia. "Engendering Portugal: Social Change, State Politics, and Women's Social Mobilization." In António Costa Pinto, ed., Modern Portugal, 162-88. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.

   ■ Goodwin, Mary. "Portuguese Feminism." Portuguese Studies Newsletter 17 (Spring-Summer 1987): 12-13.

   ■ Lamas, Maria. As Mulheres do Meu País. Lisbon, 1948.

   ■ "Mulheres Portuguesas e Feminismo." Análise Social [special number on Portuguese Women and Feminism] 22 (1986): 92-93.

   ■ Osório, Ana de Castro. As Mulheres Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1905.

   ■ Sadlier, Darlene J. The Question of How: Women Writers and New Portuguese Literature. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood; Contributions in Women's Studies, no. 109, 1989.

   ■ Silva, Manuela. The Employment of Women in Portugal. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications, European Communities, 1984. Velho da Costa, Maria. Maina Mendes. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■ Vicente, Ana, and Maria Reynolds de Souza. Family Planning in Portugal. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■ Religion and Catholic Church

   ■ Almeida, Fortunato de. História da Igreja em Portugal. 6 vols. Coimbra, 1910-24, and Oporto, 1967-72. Alonso, Joaquim Maria. The Secret of Fátima: Fact and Legend. Cambridge, Mass.: Ravengate Press, 1979. Alves, José da Felicidade, ed. Católicos e política de Humberto Delgado à Marcelo Caetano. Lisbon, 1969. Araújo, Miguel de, ed. Dicionario político; 1; Os Bispos e a revoluçao de Abril. Lisbon, 1976. Bishko, Charles Julian. Spanish and Portuguese Monastic History 600-1300. London, Variorum Reprints, 1984.

   ■ Blanshard, Paul. Freedom and Catholic Power in Spain and Portugal. Boston: Beacon Press, 1962.

   ■ Boxer, C. R. The Church Militant and Iberian Expansion 1440-1770. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978. Bruneau, Thomas C. "Church and State in Portugal: Crises of Cross and Sword." Journal of Church and State XVIII (1976): 463-90. Freire, José Geraldes. Resistência Católico ao Salazarismo-Marcelismo. Oporto, 1976.

   ■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. John C. Banner, trans. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1962.

   ■ IPOPE. Estudo sobre liberdade e religião em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973. Johnston, Francis. Fátima: The Great Sign. Chulmleigh, U.K.: Augustine Publications, 1980.

   ■ Kondor, Fr. Louis. Fátima in Lucia's Own Words: Sister Lucia's Memoirs. Fatima: Postulation Center, 1976. Lourenço, Joaquim Maria. Situação jurídica da Igreja em Portugal. Coimbra, 1943.

   ■ Mattoso, José. Religião e Cultura na Idade Média Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1982. Miller, Samuel J. Portugal and Rome c. 1748-1830: An Aspect of Catholic Enlightenment. Rome: Universita Gregoriana Editrice, 1978. O'Malley, John W. The First Jesuits. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993.

   ■ Pattee, Richard. Portugal and the Portuguese World. Milwaukee, Wisc.: Bruce, 1957.

   ■ Prestage, Edgar. Portugal: A Pioneer of Christianity. Lisbon, 1945.

   ■ Richard, Robert. Etudes sur l'histoire morale et religieuse de Portugal. Paris: Centro Cultural de Gulbenkian, 1970.

   ■ Robinson, Richard A. H. "The Religious Question and Catholic Revival in Portugal, 1900-1930." Journal of Contemporary History XII (1977): 345-62.

   ■. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London: Allen & Unwin, 1979.

   ■ Rodrigues, R. P. Francisco. História da Companhia de Jesus na Assistência de Portugal, 7 vols. Lisbon, 1931-50.

   ■ Roth, Cecil. A History of the Marranos. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1932.

   ■ Agriculture, Viticulture, and Fishing

   ■ Abreu-Ferreira, Darlene. "The Portuguese in Newfoundland: Documentary Evidence Examined." Portuguese Studies Review 4, 1 (1995-96): 11-33.

   ■ Allen, H. Warner. The Wines of Portugal. London: Michael Joseph, 1963.

   ■ Barros, Afonso de. A reforma agrária em Portugal. Oeiras, 1979.

   ■ Beamish, Huldine V. The Hills of Alentejo. London: Geoffrey Bles, 1958.

   ■ Bennett, Norman R. "The Golden Age of the Port Wine System, 1781-1807." The International History Review XII (1990): 221-18.

   ■ Black, Richard. "The Myth of Subsistence: Market Production in the Small Farm Sector of Northern Portugal." Iberian Studies 1, 8 (1989): 25-41.

   ■ Bravo, Pedro, and Duarte de Oliveira. Viticulture Moderna. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. Vinhas e Vinhos De Portugal. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Cabral, Manuel V. "Agrarian Structures and Recent Movements in Portugal." Journal of Peasant Studies 4, 5 (July 1978): 411-45.

   ■ Cardoso, José Carvalho. A Agricultura Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Carvalho, Bento de. Guía Dos Vinhos Portugueses. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Clarke, Robert. Open Boat Whaling in the Azores: The History and Present Methods of a Relic Industry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1954.

   ■ Cockburn, Ernest. Port Wine and Oporto. London: Wine & Spirit, 1949. Cole, S. C. "Cod, Cod Country and Family: The Portuguese Newfoundland Fishery." Mast 3, 1 (1990): 1-29.

   ■ Coull, James. The Fisheries of Europe. London: G. Bell & Sons, 1972.

   ■ Croft-Cooke, Rupert. Port. London: Putnam, 1957.

   ■. Madeira. London: Putnam, 1961.

   ■ Delaforce, John. The Factory House at Oporto. London: Christie's Wine Publications, 1979 and later eds.

   ■ Doel, Patricia A. Port O'Call: Memories of the Portuguese White Fleet in St. John's Newfoundland. St. John's, Newfoundland: ISER, 1992.

   ■ Fletcher, Wyndham. Port: An Introduction to Its History and Delights. London: Bernet, 1978.

   ■ Francis, A. D. The Wine Trade. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1972.

   ■ Freitas, Eduardo, João Ferreira de Almeida, and Manuel Villaverde Cabral. Modalidades de penetração do capitalismo na agricultura: estruturas agrárias em Portugal Continental, 1950-1970. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Gonçalves, Francisco Esteves. Portugal: A Wine Country. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■ Gulbenkian Foundation. Agrarian Reform. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Kurlansky, Mark. Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World. New York: Walker, 1997.

   ■ Malefakis, Edward. "Two Iberian Land Reforms Compared: Spain, 1931-1936 and Portugal, 1974—1978." In Gulbenkian Foundation, Agrarian Reform. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Moreira da Fonseca, A. Port Wine: Notes on Its History, Production and Technology. Oporto, 1981.

   ■ Moutinho, M. História da pesca do bacalhau. Lisbon: Imprensa Universitária, 1985.

   ■ Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. lntrodução a história da agricultura em Portugal.

   ■ Lisbon, 1968. Pato, Octávio. O Vinho. Lisbon, 1971.

   ■ Pearson, Scott R. Portuguese Agriculture in Transition. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1987.

   ■ Postgate, Raymond. Portuguese Wine. London: Dent, 1969.

   ■ Read, Jan. The Wines of Portugal. London: Faber & Faber, 1982.

   ■ Robertson, George. Port. London: Faber & Faber, 1982 ed.

   ■ Rutledge, Ian. "Land Reform and the Portuguese Revolution." Journal of Peasant Studies 5, 1 (Oct. 1977): 79-97.

   ■ Sanceau, Elaine. The British Factory at Oporto. Oporto, 1970.

   ■ Simon, Andre L. Port. London: Constable, 1934.

   ■ Simões, J. Os grandes trabalhadores do Mar: Reportagens na Terra Nova e na Groenlândia. Lisbon: Gazeta dos Caminho de Ferro, 1942.

   ■ Smith, Diana. Portugal and the Challenge of 1992: Special Report. New York: Camões Center/RIIC, Columbia University, 1990.

   ■ Stanislawski, Dan. Landscapes of Bacchus: The Vine in Portugal. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1970.

   ■ Teixeira, Carlos, and Victor M. Pereira da Rosa, eds. The Portuguese in Canada: From the Seat to the City. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2000.

   ■ Unwin, Tim. "Farmers' Perceptions of Agrarian Change in Northwest Portugal." Journal of Rural Studies 1, 4 (1985): 339-57.

   ■ Valadão do Valle, E. Bacalhau: tradições históricas e económicos. Lisbon, 1991.

   ■ Venables, Bernard. Baleia! The Whalers of Azores. London: Bodley Head, 1968.

   ■ Villiers, Alan. The Quest of the Schooner Argus: A Voyage to the Banks and Greenland. New York: Scribners, 1951. World Bank. Portugal: Agricultural Survey. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.

   ■ ECONOMY, INDUSTRY, AND DEVELOPMENT

   ■ Aiyer, Srivain, and Shahid A. Chandry. Portugal and the E.E.C.: Employment and Implications. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Baklanoff, Eric N. The Economic Transformation of Spain and Portugal. New York: Praeger, 1978.

   ■. "Changing Systems: The Portuguese Revolution and the Public Enterprise Sector." ACES ( Association of Comparative Economic Studies) Bulletin 26 (Summer-Fall 1984): 63-76.

   ■. "Portugal's Political Economy: Old and New." In K. Maxwell and M. Haltzel, eds., Portugal: Ancient Country, Young Democracy, 37-59. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center Press, 1990.

   ■ Barbosa, Manuel P. Growth, Migration and the Balance of Payments in a Small, Open Economy. New York: Garland, 1984.

   ■ Braga de Macedo, Jorge, and Simon Serfaty, eds. Portugal since the Revolution: Economic and Political Perspectives. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1981.

   ■ Carvalho, Camilo, et al. Sabotagem Econômica: " Dossier" Banco Espírito Santo e Comercial de Lisboa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Corkill, David. The Development of the Portuguese Economy: A Case of Euro-peanization. London: Routledge, 1999.

   ■ Cravinho, João. "The Portuguese Economy: Constraints and Opportunities." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 111-65. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Dornsbusch, Rudiger, Richard S. Eckhaus, and Lane Taylor. "Analysis and Projection of Macroeconomic Conditions in Portugal." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 299-330. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ The Economist (London). "On the Edge of Europe: A Survey of Portugal." (June 30, 1981): 3-27.

   ■. "Coming Home: A Survey of Portugal." (May 28, 1988).

   ■. 'The New Iberia: Not Quite Kissing Cousins" [Spain and Portugal]. (May 5, 1990): 21-24.

   ■ Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian and German Marshall Fund of the U.S., eds. II Conferência Internacional sobre e Economia Portuguesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Hudson, Mark. Portugal to 1993: Investing in a European Future. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit/Special Report No. 11 57/EIU Economic Prospects Series, 1989.

   ■ International Labour Office (ILO). Employment and Basic Needs in Portugal. Geneva: ILO, 1979.

   ■ Kavalsky, Basil, and Surendra Agarwal. Portugal: Current and Prospective Economic Trends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.

   ■ Krugman, Paul, and Jorge Braga de Macedo. "The Economic Consequences of the April 25th Revolution." Economia III (1979): 455-83.

   ■ Lewis, John R., and Alan M. Williams. "The Sines Project: Portugal's Growth Centre or White Elephant?" Town Planning Review 56, 3 (1985): 339-66.

   ■ Makler, Harry M. "The Consequences of the Survival and Revival of the Industrial Bourgeoisie." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 251-83. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Marques, A. La Politique Economique Portugaise dans la Période de la Dictature ( 1926-1974). Doctoral thesis, 3rd cycle, University of Grenoble, France, 1980.

   ■ Martins, B. Sociedades e grupos em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Mata, Eugenia, and Nuno Valério. História Econômica De Portugal: Uma Perspectiva Global. Lisbon: Edit. Presença, 1994. Murteira, Mário. "The Present Economic Situation: Its Origins and Prospects." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 331-42. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979. OCED. Economic Survey: Portugal: 1988. Paris: OCED, 1988 [see also this series since 1978].

   ■ Pasquier, Albert. L'Economie du Portugal: Données et Problémes de Son Expansion. Paris: Librarie Generale de Droit, 1961. Pereira da Moura, Francisco. Para onde vai e economia portuguesa? Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Pintado, V. Xavier. Structure and Growth of the Portuguese Economy. Geneva: EFTA, 1964.

   ■ Pitta e Cunha, Paulo. "Portugal and the European Economic Community." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 321-38. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. "The Portuguese Economic System and Accession to the European Community." In E. Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 281-300. Lisbon, 1985. Porto, Manuel. "Portugal: Twenty Years of Change." In Alan Williams, ed., Southern Europe Transformed, 84-112. London: Harper & Row, 1984. Quarterly Economic Review. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit, 1974-present.

   ■ Salgado de Matos, Luís. Investimentos Estrangeiros em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973 and later eds.

   ■ Schmitt, Hans O. Economic Stabilisation and Growth in Portugal. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 1981.

   ■ Smith, Diana. Portugal and the Challenge of 1992. New York: Camões Center, RIIC, Columbia University, 1989.

   ■ Tillotson, John. The Portuguese Bank Note Case [ 1920s]: Legal, Economic and Financial Approaches to the Measure of Damages in Contract. Manchester, U.K.: Faculty of Law, University of Manchester, 1992.

   ■ Tovias, Alfred. Foreign Economic Relations of the Economic Community: The Impact of Spain and Portugal. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1990.

   ■ Valério, Nuno. A moeda em Portugal, 1913-1947. Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1984.

   ■. As Finanças Públicas Portuguesas Entre As Duas Guerras Mundiais. Lisbon: Cosmos, 1994.

   ■ World Bank. Portugal: Current and Prospective Economic Trends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978 and to the present.

   ■ PHOTOGRAPHY ON PORTUGAL

   ■ Alves, Afonso Manuel, Antônio Sacchetti, and Moura Machado. Lisboa. Lisbon, 1991.

   ■ Antunes, José. Lisboa do nosso olhar; A look on Lisbon. Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 1991. Beaton, Cecil. Near East. London: Batsford, 1943.

   ■. Lisboa 1942: Cecil Beaton, Lisbon 1942. Lisbon: British Historical Society of Portugal/Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 1995.

   ■ Bottineau, Yves. Portugal. London: Thames & Hudson, 1957.

   ■ Câmara Municipal de Lisboa. 7 Olhares ( Seven Viewpoints). Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 1998.

   ■ Capital, A. Lisboa: Imagens d'A Capital. Lisbon: Edit. Notícias, 1984.

   ■ Dias, Marina Tavares. Photographias de Lisboa, 1900 ( Photographs of Lisbon, 1900). Lisbon: Quimera, 1991.

   ■. Os melhores postais antigos de Lisboa ( The best old postcards of Lisbon). Lisbon: Químera, 1995.

   ■ Finlayson, Graham, and Frank Tuohy. Portugal. London: Thames & Hudson, 1970.

   ■ Glassner, Helga. Portugal. Berlin-Zurich: Atlantis-Verlag, 1942. Hopkinson, Amanda, ed. Reflections by Ten Portuguese photographers. Bark-way, U.K.: Frontline/Portugal 600, 1996.

   ■ Lima, Luís Leiria, and Isabel Salema. Lisboa de Pedra e Bronze. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■ Martins, Miguel Gomes. Lisboa ribeirinha ( Riverside Lisbon). Lisbon: Arquivo Municipal, Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, Livros Horizonte, 1994. Vieira, Alice. Esta Lisboa ( This Lisbon). Lisbon: Caminho, 1994. Wohl, Hellmut, and Alice Wohl. Portugal. London: Frederick Muller, 1983.

   ■ EQUESTRIANISM

   ■ Andrade, Manoel Carlos de, Luz da Liberal e Nobre Arte da Cavallaria. Lisbon, 1790.

   ■ Graciosa, Filipe. Escola Portuguesa de Arte Equestre. Lisbon, 2004.

   ■ Horsetalk Magazine. Published in New Zealand.

   ■ Oliveira, Nuno. Reflections on the Equestrian Art. London, 2000.

   ■ Russell, Eleanor, ed. The Truth in the Teaching of Nuno Oliveira. Stanhope,

   ■ Queensland, Australia, 2003. Vilaca, Luis V., and Pedro Yglesias d'Oliveira, eds. LUSITANO. Coudelarias De Portugal. O Cavalo ancestral do Sudoeste da Europa. Lisbon: ICONOM, 2005.

   ■ Websites of interest: www.equestrian.pt portugalweb.com

Historical dictionary of Portugal > CULTURE, LITERATURE, AND LANGUAGE
7 division

дивизия; отдел; управление; мор. дивизия ( крупных кораблей), дивизион ( малых кораблей) ; дивизион ( как боевое подразделение на корабле) ; факультет; кафедра ( в вузе)

airborne division (air assault) — воздушноштурмовая дивизия

C3 and Computer Systems division — отдел систем руководства, управления, связи и ЭВМ (МП)

division of Military Application, Department of Energy — отдел министерства энергетики по вопросам военного применения ядерной энергии

division of Naval Reactors, Department of Energy — отдел министерства энергетики по вопросам ЯЭУ для ВМС

Junior division, ROTC — младшее [начальное] отделение корпуса вневойсковой подготовки офицеров резерва (из числа школьников)

Plans, Policy and Operations division — оперативно-плановое управление (НАТО)

Senior division, ROTC — старшее отделение корпуса вневойсковой подготовки офицеров резерва (из числа студентов)

US Army Engineer division, Europe — военно-инженерный округ СВ США в Европейской зоне

— academic division

— active division

— Active/Reserve component division

— administration and planning division

— admissions division

— Aeromedical Services division

— Aeronautical Information division

— Aerospace and Electronics division

— aerospace division

— Aerospace Physiology and Life Support division

— Aerospace Plans and Programs division

— Aerospace Support division

— Aerospace Systems Analysis and Scientific Studies division

— aerospace training division SAC

— Agent Central Cover division

— air assault division

— air defense division

— air division

— Air Force Ballistic Systems division

— air operations division

— Air Staff Air Defence division

— air transportation division

— airborne division

— Aircraft and Flying Hour Allocations division

— Aircraft and Weapons Test division

— aircraft carrier division

— Airlift and Support Aircraft division

— airlift division

— airman assignment division

— Airman Manning division

— Airman Records Maintenance division

— Airman Separation division

— airmobile armored division

— airmobile assault division

— airmobile division

— air-space division

— amphibious division

— amphibious infantry division

— armored division

— Army Staff Intelligence division

— artillery division

— assault craft division

— assault division

— Atomic Energy division

— Audit Management division

— Aviation Medical Research division

— Aviation Systems and Support division

— Awards and Decorations division

— BM division

— bombardment division

— bomber division

— Budget and Finance division

— cadre division

— career division

— cavalry division

— Civil Affairs Administration division

— civil defence division

— coastal waters fishing protection division

— combat division

— combined arms division

— Command Information division

— common division

— Communications and Electronics division

— Communications and Information Systems division

— Communications division

— Community Relations division

— continental air defense division

— Contracts division

— Control Systems division

— counterattack division

— Current Intelligence division

— Defence Staff Joint Exercise division

— Defence Staff Psychological Warfare division

— Defense Communications division

— Defense Support division

— disarmament affairs division

— division in the field

— division in the line

— division of Public Information

— dual-based divisions

— Electronic Systems division

— engineer division

— Engineer Resources Management division

— equipment division

— EW Training division

— Facilities and Service division

— Family Housing division

— fighter-bomber division

— foreign broadcast information division

— Foreign Materiel division

— Foreign Technology division

— four-brigade division

— frontier division

— full-dress division

— gaining division

— GM division

— graves registration division

— ground operations division

— heavy bomber division

— heavy division

— holding division

— House Liaison division

— Household division

— Housing division

— independent division

— infantry division (forward)

— infantry division (mechanized)

— intelligence division

— Investigation and Legislative division

— joint air defense division

— Judge Advocate division

— light aircraft division

— light armored division

— light division

— Litigation division

— Logistics and Manpower division

— Logistics Systems Planning division

— Long-Range Nuclear Operations division

— losing division

— mail and records division

— main division

— Manpower Plans and Policy division

— Marine airborne division

— marine division

— Materiel division

— mechanized division

— Medical division

— medium division

— military arts division

— Military Justice division

— military railway operating division

— Military Science division

— missile division

— Mission Support division

— Morale Support Activities division

— Motor Transportation division

— motorized division

— motorized infantry division

— mountain division

— Mutual Defense Material division

— National Range division

— NATO zone operations division

— naval air division

— nonmechanized infantry division

— operational division

— Operations and Training division

— Operations division

— Operations in Other Regions division

— Operations on UK Territory division

— ordnance division

— Organization and Training division

— Organized Reserve division

— pentomic division

— Personnel Management division

— Personnel Procurement division

— Personnel Services division

— Plans and Operations division

— Plans and Policy division

— Plans and Resource Management division

— Plans division

— Policy and Plans division

— Policy division

— Propaganda division

— Psychological Warfare division

— Public Information division

— R&D and Status division

— RDF division

— Recruiting and Training division

— reduced division

— Requirements and Programs division

— Reserves and Cadet Organization division

— Senate Liaison division

— Service Plans and Policies division

— staff division

— strategic aerospace division

— Strategic Submarine division

— Supply and Services division

— tactical armored division

— three-brigade division

— Tighter division

— Training division

— transport air division

— triangular division

— troop-carrier division

— two-brigade division

— universal division

— Volunteer Recruitment division

— War Plans division

— waterway division

— waterway grand division

— weapons support division

English-Russian military dictionary > division
8 board

комитет; совет; комиссия; планшет; доска; пульт; борт; совершать посадку (на) ; садиться (напр. на корабль, машину) ; разг. «комиссовать, увольнять по состоянию здоровья; пропускать через комиссию; см. тж. committee

Army (Central) Physical Evaluation board — (центральная) комиссия СВ по оценке уровня физической подготовки ЛС

Army Airborne, Electronics and Special Warfare board — комитет СВ по авиационным бортовым электронным системам и специальным методам ведения боевых действий

— academy board

— academy executive board

— acceptance board

— Administrative Discharge board

— Admiralty Interview board

— Advisory board of Directors

— Aerospace Activity Coordinating board

— AG Personnel board

— Air board

— Air Staff board

— air surveillance plotting board

— Air Transport Allocations board

— Armed Forces Chaplains board

— Armed Forces Development board

— Armed Forces Disciplinary Control board

— Armed Services board of Contact Appeals

— Armed Services Explosives Safety board

— Armed Services Petroleum board

— Arms Export Control board

— Army Air Defense board

— Army Airborne Communications and Electronics board

— Army Arctic Test board

— Army Armor board

— Army Artillery board

— Army Aviation board

— Army Aviation R&D board

— Army Aviation Safety and Standardization board

— Army Aviation Safety board

— Army Aviation Test board

— Army Avionics Test board

— Army board for Aviation Accident Research

— Army board for Correction of Military Records

— Army board

— Army Chemical Corps board

— Army Combat Arms Training board

— Army Communications-Electronics board

— Army Contract Adjustment board

— Army Educational Requirements board

— Army Engineer board

— Army Examination board

— Army FA board

— Army Infantry board

— Army Intelligence and Security board

— Army Intelligence board

— Army Military Review board

— Army Project Manager Selection board

— Army Science and Technology board

— Army Science board

— Army Sport Control board

— Army Training board

— artillery board

— awards board

— battle message board

— board for Coordination of Civil Aviation

— board for Correction of Naval Records

— board of Investigation

— bulletin board

— Cadet Standards board

— Chemical board

— classification board

— Clemency and Parole board

— combat initiatives board

— Combined Communications board

— COMINT board

— command advisory board

— command selection board

— Complaints Review board

— configuration control board

— control board

— coordination board

— Correction of Military Records board

— court-martial board

— crew status board

— cryptographic board

— decorations board

— Defence Research board

— Defense Communications board

— Defense EW board

— Defense Material Specifications and Standards board

— Defense Medical Materiel board

— Defense Science board

— Discharge Review board

— Discipline and Adjustment board

— display board

— Employee Appeals Review board

— Engineer board

— enlisted compassionate board

— equipment status board

— facility utilization board

— fire adjustment board

— Fleet Marine Force board

— Fleet Marine Force Organization and Composition board

— foreign disclosure review board

— Foreign Intelligence Advisory board

— foreign military training board

— general military training review board

— grade determination board

— gun deflection board

— honor board

— housing board

— incentive award board

— inefficiency board

— Infantry board

— inquiry board

— integration board

— Intelligence Oversight board

— Interamencan Defense board

— interview board

— Joint Air Reconnaissance Intelligence board

— Joint Army and Navy board

— Joint Logistics board

— Joint Signal board

— Joint Target Selection board

— landing status board

— Maintenance board

— Manpower Utilization board

— manual data display board

— map board

— medical board

— memorialization board

— Military Air Transport board

— Military Communications-Electronics board

— mission status board

— mortar deflection board

— mortar range board

— National Estimates board

— National Reserve Policy board

— National Security Resources board

— NATO Communications and Electronics board

— Naval board of Inspection and Survey

— Naval board

— Naval Evaluation board

— North Atlantic Defense Production board

— notice board

— Nuclear Weapons Accident Investigation board

— officers location board

— on board at

— on board

— Operations Coordinating board

— Physical Disability Review board

— Planning board for European Inland Surface Transport

— Planning board for Ocean Shipping

— plotting board

— promotion list removal board

— promotion selection board

— R&D board

— radiation control board

— range board

— Readiness NATO Coordination board

— reclassification board

— reduction-in-force board

— Regional Civil Defense Coordination board

— Regional Physical Evaluation board

— Regular Commissions board

— removal and elimination board

— Reserve Forces Policy board

— retiring board

— review board

— school board

— screening board

— selection board

— Service board

— sketching board

— sounding board

— spotting board

— status board

— survey board

— surveyed map board

— tactical plot board

— target status board

— terrain model board

— Theater Air Transportation board

— Uniform board

— unit manning board

— USAF Review board

— USAF Scientific Advisory board

— Visitors board

— wage board

— War Production board

— wartime communications priority board

— welfare board

English-Russian military dictionary > board
9 cut

1.
[kʌt]transitive verb, -tt-, cut

1) (penetrate, wound) schneiden

cut one's finger/leg — sich (Dat. od. Akk.) in den Finger/ins Bein schneiden

he cut himself on broken glass — er hat sich an einer Glasscherbe geschnitten

the remark cut him to the quick — (fig.) die Bemerkung traf ihn ins Mark

2) (divide) (with knife) schneiden; durchschneiden [Seil]; (with axe) durchhacken

cut something in half/two/three — etwas halbieren/zweiteilen/dreiteilen

cut one's ties or links — alle Verbindungen abbrechen

cut no ice with somebody — (fig. coll.) keinen Eindruck auf jemanden machen

3) (detach, reduce) abschneiden; schneiden, stutzen [Hecke]; mähen [Getreide, Gras]

cut (p.p.) flowers — Schnittblumen

cut one's nails — sich (Dat.) die Nägel schneiden

4) (shape, fashion) schleifen [Glas, Edelstein, Kristall]; hauen, schlagen [Stufen]

cut a key — einen Schlüssel feilen od. anfertigen

cut figures in wood/stone — Figuren aus Holz schnitzen/aus Stein hauen

5) (meet and cross) [Straße, Linie, Kreis:] schneiden

6) (fig.): (renounce, refuse to recognize) schneiden

7) (carve) [auf]schneiden [Fleisch, Geflügel]; abschneiden [Scheibe]

8) (reduce) senken [Preise]; verringern, einschränken [Menge, Produktion]; mindern [Qualität]; kürzen [Ausgaben, Lohn]; verkürzen [Arbeitszeit, Urlaub]; abbauen [Arbeitsplätze]; (cease, stop) einstellen [Dienstleistungen, Lieferungen]; abstellen [Strom]

9) (absent oneself from) schwänzen [Schule, Unterricht]

10)

cut one's losses — höherem Verlust vorbeugen

11)

cut something short — (lit. or fig.): (interrupt, terminate) etwas abbrechen

cut somebody short — jemanden unterbrechen; (impatiently) jemandem ins Wort fallen

to cut a long story short — der langen Rede kurzer Sinn

12) (Cards) abheben

13)

cut a tooth — einen Zahn bekommen

14)

be cut and dried — genau festgelegt od. abgesprochen sein

15) (Computing)

cut and paste — ausschneiden und einfügen
2. intransitive verb,
-tt-, cut

1) [Messer, Schwert usw.:] schneiden; [Papier, Tuch, Käse:] sich schneiden lassen

cut both ways — (fig.) ein zweischneidiges Schwert sein (fig.)

2) (cross, intersect) sich schneiden

3) (pass)

cut through or across the field/park — [quer] über das Feld/durch den Park gehen

4) (Cinemat.) (stop the cameras) abbrechen; (go quickly to another shot) überblenden (to zu)
3. noun
1) (act of cutting) Schnitt, der

2) (stroke, blow) (with knife) Schnitt, der; (with sword, whip) Hieb, der; (injury) Schnittwunde, die

3) (reduction) (in wages, expenditure, budget) Kürzung, die; (in prices) Senkung, die; (in working hours, holiday, etc.) Verkürzung, die; (in services) Verringerung, die; (in production, output, etc.) Einschränkung, die

4) (of meat) Stück, das

5) (coll.): (commission, share) Anteil, der

6) (of hair): (style) [Haar]schnitt, der; (of clothes) Schnitt, der

7) (in play, book, etc.) Streichung, die; (in film) Schnitt, der

make cuts — Streichungen/Schnitte vornehmen

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/98633/cut_away">cut away

- cut back

- cut down

- cut in

- cut off

- cut out

- cut up

* * *
1. present participle - cutting; verb
1) (to make an opening in, usually with something with a sharp edge: He cut the paper with a pair of scissors.) schneiden

2) (to separate or divide by cutting: She cut a slice of bread; The child cut out the pictures; She cut up the meat into small pieces.) aus-, abschneiden

3) (to make by cutting: She cut a hole in the cloth.) schneiden

4) (to shorten by cutting; to trim: to cut hair; I'll cut the grass.) schneiden

5) (to reduce: They cut my wages by ten per cent.) kürzen

6) (to remove: They cut several passages from the film.) schneiden

7) (to wound or hurt by breaking the skin (of): I cut my hand on a piece of glass.) schneiden

8) (to divide (a pack of cards).) abheben

9) (to stop: When the actress said the wrong words, the director ordered `Cut!') `Schnitt`

10) (to take a short route or way: He cut through/across the park on his way to the office; A van cut in in front of me on the motorway.) abkürzen

11) (to meet and cross (a line or geometrical figure): An axis cuts a circle in two places.) schneiden

12) (to stay away from (a class, lecture etc): He cut school and went to the cinema.) schwänzen

13) ((also cut dead) to ignore completely: She cut me dead in the High Street.) schneiden
2. noun
1) (the result of an act of cutting: a cut on the head; a power-cut (= stoppage of electrical power); a haircut; a cut in prices.) der Schnitt

2) (the way in which something is tailored, fashioned etc: the cut of the jacket.) der Schnitt

3) (a piece of meat cut from an animal: a cut of beef.) das Stück

•

- cutter
- cutting 3. adjective
(insulting or offending: a cutting remark.) scharf

- cut glass
- cut-price
- cut-throat 4. adjective
(fierce; ruthless: cut-throat business competition.) halsabschneiderisch, mörderisch

- a cut above
- cut and dried
- cut back
- cut both ways
- cut a dash
- cut down
- cut in
- cut it fine
- cut no ice
- cut off
- cut one's losses
- cut one's teeth
- cut out
- cut short
* * *

cut

[kʌt]

I. NOUN

1. (act) Schnitt m

to make a \cut [in sth] [in etw akk] einen Einschnitt machen

2. (slice) of meat Stück nt; of bread Scheibe f, Schnitte f

sirloin is the most expensive \cut of beef die Lende ist das teuerste Stück vom Rind

cold \cuts Aufschnitt m

3. (trim) Schnitt m

her hair was in need of a \cut ihre Haare mussten geschnitten werden

4. (fit) [Zu]schnitt m; of shirt, trousers Schnitt m

5. (wound) Schnittwunde f, Schnitt m

deep \cut tiefe Schnittwunde

to get a \cut sich akk schneiden

where'd you get that \cut? wo hast du dich denn da geschnitten? fam

6. (insult) Beleidigung f (at für + akk)

7. also FIN ( fam: due, share) [An]teil m

when am I going to get my \cut? wann bekomme ich meinen Anteil? m

8. (decrease) Senkung f, Herabsetzung f

\cut in emissions Abgasreduzierung f

\cut in interest rates Zinssenkung f

\cut in prices Preissenkung f, Ermäßigung f

\cut in production Produktionseinschränkung f

\cut in staff Personalabbau m

to take a \cut eine Kürzung hinnehmen

he took a \cut in salary er nahm eine Gehaltskürzung hin

many people have had to take a \cut in their living standards viele Menschen mussten sich mit einer Einschränkung ihres Lebensstandards abfinden

9. (less spending)

▪ \cuts pl Kürzungen pl, Streichungen pl

budget \cuts Haushaltskürzungen pl

to make \cuts in the budget Abstriche am Etat machen

10. (abridgement) Schnitt m, Streichung f

to make a \cut in a film eine Szene aus einem Film herausschneiden

to make \cuts Streichungen vornehmen

11. AM (truancy) Schwänzen nt kein pl fam

to have a \cut schwänzen fam

12. SPORT

to give the ball a \cut den Ball anschneiden

13.

▶ to be a \cut above sb/sth jdm/etw um einiges überlegen sein

▶ the \cut and thrust of sth das Spannungsfeld einer S. gen

II. ADJECTIVE

1. (removed) abgeschnitten; (sliced) bread [auf]geschnitten

\cut flowers Schnittblumen pl

2. (fitted) glass, jewel geschliffen

III. INTERJECTION

FILM

\cut! Schnitt!

IV. TRANSITIVE VERB

<-tt-, cut, cut>

1. (slice)

▪ to \cut sth etw schneiden

did you already \cut some bread? hast du schon etwas Brot aufgeschnitten?

to \cut a hole in sth ein Loch in etw akk schneiden

to \cut sth to pieces [or shreds] etw zerstückeln

to \cut sth in[to] several pieces etw in mehrere Teile zerschneiden

how can I \cut this cake in two pieces? wie kann ich diesen Kuchen halbieren?

to \cut sb/sth free jdn/etw losschneiden; (from wreck) jdn/etw herausschneiden

to \cut sth loose etw losschneiden

to \cut sth open etw aufschneiden

▪ to \cut sb sth [or sth for sb] jdm [o für jdn] etw schneiden

could you \cut me a slice of bread? könntest du mir eine Scheibe Brot abschneiden?

▪ to \cut sth with sth etw mit etw dat schneiden

2. (sever)

▪ to \cut sth etw durchschneiden

she nearly \cut an artery with the new hedge-trimmer sie durchtrennte fast eine Arterie mit der neuen elektrischen Heckenschere

3. (trim)

▪ to \cut sth etw [ab]schneiden

to \cut one's fingernails sich dat die Fingernägel schneiden

to \cut flowers Blumen abschneiden

to \cut the grass den Rasen mähen

to \cut sb's hair jdm die Haare schneiden

to have [or get] one's hair \cut sich dat die Haare schneiden lassen

4. (injure)

▪ to \cut oneself/sb [with sth] sich/jdn [mit etw dat] schneiden

I've \cut my hand on that glass ich habe mir die Hand an diesem Glas geschnitten

he \cut his head open er hat sich den Kopf aufgeschlagen

5. (clear)

▪ to \cut sth road, tunnel etw bauen; ditch, trench etw graben

they're planning to \cut a road right through the forest sie planen, eine Straße mitten durch den Wald zu schlagen

to \cut a swath through sth eine Bahn durch etw akk schneiden

6. (decrease)

▪ to \cut sth etw senken [o herabsetzen] [o reduzieren]

they should \cut class sizes to 30 die Klassengröße sollte auf 30 Schüler verringert werden

to \cut costs die Kosten senken

to \cut one's losses weitere Verluste vermeiden

to \cut overtime die Überstunden reduzieren

to \cut prices die Preise herabsetzen [o senken]

to \cut wages die Löhne kürzen

▪ to \cut sth by sth etw um etw akk kürzen [o reduzieren]

our company is \cutting its workforce by 20% unsere Firma baut 20 % ihres Personals ab

7. (break)

▪ to \cut sth etw unterbrechen

they \cut our supply lines sie schnitten uns unsere Versorgungslinien ab

8. (abridge)

to \cut a film einen Film kürzen

to \cut short ⇆ sth etw abbrechen; (interrupt)

to \cut sb short jdn unterbrechen, jdm ins Wort fallen

9. (remove)

to be \cut from the team aus dem Team entfernt werden

to \cut a scene in a film eine Szene aus einem Film herausschneiden

10. (miss)

▪ to \cut sth etw auslassen

she decided to \cut some of her meetings sie entschied sich, einige ihrer Treffen nicht wahrzunehmen

to \cut a class [or lesson] /school eine [Unterrichts]stunde/die Schule schwänzen fam

11. (turn off)

to \cut the motor [or engine] den Motor abstellen

12. ( fam: desist from)

▪ to \cut sth behaviour etw [unter]lassen

to \cut the cackle BRIT, AUS ( hum) auf den Punkt kommen

to \cut the crap (sl) mit der Scheiße aufhören derb

13. (shape)

to \cut a diamond einen Diamanten schleifen

14. AUTO

to \cut a corner [too sharply] eine Kurve [zu scharf] schneiden

15. (teethe)

to \cut a tooth einen Zahn bekommen, zahnen

16. CARDS

to \cut the cards die Karten abheben

17. MUS

to \cut a record/CD eine Platte/CD aufnehmen

18. COMPUT

to \cut and paste sth etw ausschneiden und einfügen

19. MATH

▪ to \cut sth etw schneiden

20. SPORT

to \cut the ball den Ball [an]schneiden

21.

▶ to \cut capers ( dated) Luftsprünge machen

▶ to \cut the cheese AM ( fam) einen fahrenlassen derb

▶ you should \cut your coat according to your cloth BRIT ( prov) man muss sich akk nach der Decke strecken prov

▶ to \cut corners schnell und kostengünstig arbeiten

▶ to \cut sb dead jdn schneiden

today in the store Martha \cut me dead heute im Supermarkt hat Martha mich keines Blickes gewürdigt

▶ to \cut a fine [or quite a] figure [or BRIT dash] ( dated) eine gute Figur machen

▶ to \cut it [or things] [a bit] fine [or close] [ein bisschen] knapp kalkulieren

▶ to \cut the ground from under sb's feet jdm den Boden unter den Füßen wegziehen

▶ to \cut no [or very little] ice with sb keinen Eindruck auf jdn machen

▶ to [not] \cut it [or AM also the mustard] [k]ein hohes Niveau erreichen

▶ to \cut off one's nose to spite one's face sich akk ins eigene Fleisch schneiden

▶ to \cut sb to the quick [or heart] jdn ins Mark treffen

▶ to be \cut from the same cloth aus dem gleichen Holz geschnitzt sein

▶ to \cut sb some slack AM mit jdm nachsichtig sein

▶ to \cut a long story short der langen Rede kurzer Sinn, um es kurzzumachen

▶ to \cut one's teeth [or eye-teeth] [on sth] sich dat die ersten Sporen [mit etw dat] verdienen

▶ to be so thick that you can \cut it with a knife zum Zerreißen gespannt sein

the tension was so thick in the air that you could \cut it with a knife die Atmosphäre war zum Zerreißen gespannt

V. INTRANSITIVE VERB

<-tt-, cut, cut>

1. (slice) knife schneiden

2. (slice easily) material sich akk schneiden lassen

3. (take short cut)

to \cut over a field eine Abkürzung über ein Feld nehmen

4. CARDS abheben

to \cut for dealer den Geber auslosen

5. AM ( fam: push in)

to \cut [in line] sich akk vordrängeln

to \cut in front of sb sich akk vor jdn drängeln

no \cutting! nicht drängeln!

6. COMPUT

to \cut and paste ausschneiden und einfügen

7. (withdraw)

▪ to \cut loose from sth sich akk von etw dat trennen

8.

▶ to \cut both [or two] ways eine zweischneidige Sache sein

▶ to \cut to the chase AM ( fam) auf den Punkt kommen

▶ to \cut loose AM, AUS alle Hemmungen verlieren

she really \cuts loose when she dances sie tobt sich beim Tanzen richtig aus

▶ to \cut and run Reißaus nehmen, sich akk aus dem Staub machen

* * *

cut [kʌt]

A s

1. a) Schnitt m

b) Schnittwunde f

2. Hieb m:

cut and thrust

a) (Fechten) Hieb und Stoß m,

b) fig (feindseliges) Hin und Her, Widerstreit m;

rhetorical cut and thrust Wortgefecht n

3. fig Stich m, (Seiten)Hieb m, Bosheit f

4. umg Schneiden n:

give sb the cut direct jemanden ostentativ schneiden

5. (Spaten) Stich m

6. (Haar) Schnitt m

7. TECH Ein-, Anschnitt m, Kerbe f

8. TECH Schnittfläche f

9. TECH Schrot m/n

10. a) Einschnitt m, Durchstich m (im Gelände)

b) Graben m

11. Schnitte f, Stück n (besonders Fleisch):

cold cuts pl Aufschnitt m

12. US umg Imbiss m

13. umg Anteil m (of, in an dat):

my cut is 20%

14. besonders US

a) Mahd f (Gras)

b) Schlag m (Holz)

c) Schur f (Wolle)

15. FILM, TV Schnitt m

16. FILM, RADIO, TV: scharfe Überblendung, Schnitt m

17. Abkürzung(sweg) f(m), direkter Weg

18. Tennis etc: Schnitt m

19. Stück n, Länge f (von Stoff, Tuch)

20. (Zu)Schnitt m, Fasson f (besonders von Kleidung)

21. Schnitt m, Schliff m (von Edelsteinen)

22. fig Art f, Schlag m:

of quite a different cut aus ganz anderem Holz geschnitzt

23. Gesichtsschnitt m

24. umg (soziale etc) Stufe:

a cut above eine Stufe höher als

25. TYPO

a) (Kupfer) Stich m

b) Druckstock m

c) Klischee n

26. Holzschnitt m

27. (modischer) Schlitz (im Kleid)

28. Streichung f, Auslassung f, Kürzung f (in einem Buch etc)

29. WIRTSCH Kürzung f, Senkung f:

cut in prices Preissenkung oder -herabsetzung f;

cut in salary Gehaltskürzung

30. SCHULE, UNIV umg Schwänzen n

31. Kartenspiel:

a) Abheben n

b) abgehobene Karte(n pl)

32. umg Strohhalm m (zum Losen):

draw cuts Strohhalme ziehen, losen

33. Golf: Cut m (maximale Schlagzahl, mit der sich ein Spieler für die letzten beiden Runden eines Turniers qualifiziert):

make the cut den Cut schaffen

B adj

1. beschnitten, (zu)geschnitten, gestutzt, gespalten, zersägt:

cut flowers Schnittblumen;

cut glass geschliffenes Glas

2. BOT (ein)gekerbt

3. gemeißelt, geschnitzt, behauen

4. verschnitten, kastriert:

a cut horse ein Wallach

5. WIRTSCH herabgesetzt, ermäßigt (Preise)

6. Br sl blau, besoffen

C v/t prät und pperf cut

1. (be-, zer)schneiden, ab-, durchschneiden, einen Schnitt machen in (akk):

cut sb sth jemandem etwas abschneiden;

cut to pieces zerstückeln;

cut one’s teeth Zähne bekommen, zahnen; → cable A 1, eyetooth

2. abhacken, abschneiden, absägen, SCHIFF kappen:

cut a book ein Buch aufschneiden;

cut coal Kohle(n) hauen;

cut grass Gras mähen;

cut trees Bäume fällen;

cut turf Rasen stechen;

cut wood Holz hacken

3. eine Hecke etc (be)schneiden, stutzen:

cut sb’s hair jemandem die Haare schneiden; → story¹ 4

4. eine Schnittwunde beibringen (dat), verletzen:

cut one’s finger sich in den Finger schneiden;

he cut himself on the lid er schnitt sich am Deckel

5. schlagen:

cut a horse with a whip

6. Tiere kastrieren, verschneiden

7. ein Kleid, einen Teppich etc zuschneiden, etwas zurechtschneiden, einen Schlüssel anfertigen, einen Braten vorschneiden oder zerlegen

8. einen Stein behauen, Glas, Edelsteine schleifen

9. (ein)schnitzen, einschneiden, -ritzen

10. einen Weg ausgraben, -hauen, einen Graben stechen, einen Tunnel bohren:

cut one’s way sich einen Weg bahnen

11. AGR Land umackern, pflügen

12. MATH etc durchschneiden, kreuzen

13. AUTO

a) eine Kurve schneiden: → corner A 1

b) ein Verkehrszeichen etc überfahren

14. einen Text etc, auch einen Betrag etc kürzen, beschneiden, zusammenstreichen (to auf akk):

cut film einen Film schneiden;

cut the wages die Löhne kürzen;

cut production die Produktion einschränken oder drosseln; → bone¹ A 1

15. WIRTSCH die Preise herabsetzen, senken

16. die Geschwindigkeit herabsetzen, verringern

17. cut one’s losses WIRTSCH weiteren (finanziellen) Verlusten vorbeugen

18. a) CHEM, TECH verdünnen, auflösen

b) umg verwässern

19. TECH abstoßen, Metall, auch Gewinde schneiden, beschroten, fräsen, scheren, schleifen

20. ELEK, TEL eine Verbindung trennen

21. ELEK, AUTO, TECH

a) den Motor etc ab-, ausschalten

b) den Motor drosseln

22. FILM, RADIO, TV: abbrechen

23. (auf Tonband etc) mitschneiden

24. fig eine Verbindung abbrechen, aufgeben

25. fig

a) betrüben:

it cut him to the heart es tat ihm in der Seele weh, es schnitt ihm ins Herz

b) jemandem wehtun, jemanden kränken

26. umg jemanden schneiden:

cut sb dead jemanden völlig ignorieren

27. SCHULE, UNIV umg eine Stunde etc schwänzen

28. Karten abheben

29. Tennis etc: den Ball (an)schneiden

30. umg Gewinne teilen

31. SPORT einen Rekord brechen

32. → cut out A 9

D v/i

1. schneiden (in, into in akk), bohren, hauen, sägen, stechen:

the knife doesn’t cut das Messer schneidet nicht;

it cuts both ways fig

a) es ist ein zweischneidiges Schwert,

b) das gilt für beide Teile (gleichermaßen)

2. einschneiden, drücken (Kragen etc)

3. sich (gut etc) schneiden lassen

4. durchbrechen (Zähne)

5. (auf dem kürzesten Wege) hindurchgehen, den kürzesten Weg einschlagen

6. umg

a) rasen, flitzen

b) abhauen:

cut and run Reißaus nehmen

7. wehtun, kränken

8. Kartenspiel: abheben

9. SPORT den Ball (an)schneiden

10. FILM etc

a) schneiden, überblenden:

cut to um- oder hinüberblenden zu

b) abbrechen

11. SCHULE, UNIV umg (die Stunde etc) schwänzen

12. MAL stark hervortreten (Farbe)

13. umg die Gewinne teilen

* * *
1.
[kʌt]transitive verb, -tt-, cut

1) (penetrate, wound) schneiden

cut one's finger/leg — sich (Dat. od. Akk.) in den Finger/ins Bein schneiden

he cut himself on broken glass — er hat sich an einer Glasscherbe geschnitten

the remark cut him to the quick — (fig.) die Bemerkung traf ihn ins Mark

2) (divide) (with knife) schneiden; durchschneiden [Seil]; (with axe) durchhacken

cut something in half/two/three — etwas halbieren/zweiteilen/dreiteilen

cut one's ties or links — alle Verbindungen abbrechen

cut no ice with somebody — (fig. coll.) keinen Eindruck auf jemanden machen

3) (detach, reduce) abschneiden; schneiden, stutzen [Hecke]; mähen [Getreide, Gras]

cut (p.p.) flowers — Schnittblumen

cut one's nails — sich (Dat.) die Nägel schneiden

4) (shape, fashion) schleifen [Glas, Edelstein, Kristall]; hauen, schlagen [Stufen]

cut a key — einen Schlüssel feilen od. anfertigen

cut figures in wood/stone — Figuren aus Holz schnitzen/aus Stein hauen

5) (meet and cross) [Straße, Linie, Kreis:] schneiden

6) (fig.): (renounce, refuse to recognize) schneiden

7) (carve) [auf]schneiden [Fleisch, Geflügel]; abschneiden [Scheibe]

8) (reduce) senken [Preise]; verringern, einschränken [Menge, Produktion]; mindern [Qualität]; kürzen [Ausgaben, Lohn]; verkürzen [Arbeitszeit, Urlaub]; abbauen [Arbeitsplätze]; (cease, stop) einstellen [Dienstleistungen, Lieferungen]; abstellen [Strom]

9) (absent oneself from) schwänzen [Schule, Unterricht]

10)

cut one's losses — höherem Verlust vorbeugen

11)

cut something short — (lit. or fig.): (interrupt, terminate) etwas abbrechen

cut somebody short — jemanden unterbrechen; (impatiently) jemandem ins Wort fallen

to cut a long story short — der langen Rede kurzer Sinn

12) (Cards) abheben

13)

cut a tooth — einen Zahn bekommen

14)

be cut and dried — genau festgelegt od. abgesprochen sein

15) (Computing)

cut and paste — ausschneiden und einfügen
2. intransitive verb,
-tt-, cut

1) [Messer, Schwert usw.:] schneiden; [Papier, Tuch, Käse:] sich schneiden lassen

cut both ways — (fig.) ein zweischneidiges Schwert sein (fig.)

2) (cross, intersect) sich schneiden

3) (pass)

cut through or across the field/park — [quer] über das Feld/durch den Park gehen

4) (Cinemat.) (stop the cameras) abbrechen; (go quickly to another shot) überblenden (to zu)
3. noun
1) (act of cutting) Schnitt, der

2) (stroke, blow) (with knife) Schnitt, der; (with sword, whip) Hieb, der; (injury) Schnittwunde, die

3) (reduction) (in wages, expenditure, budget) Kürzung, die; (in prices) Senkung, die; (in working hours, holiday, etc.) Verkürzung, die; (in services) Verringerung, die; (in production, output, etc.) Einschränkung, die

4) (of meat) Stück, das

5) (coll.): (commission, share) Anteil, der

6) (of hair): (style) [Haar]schnitt, der; (of clothes) Schnitt, der

7) (in play, book, etc.) Streichung, die; (in film) Schnitt, der

make cuts — Streichungen/Schnitte vornehmen

Phrasal Verbs:

- cut away

- cut back

- cut down

- cut in

- cut off

- cut out

- cut up

* * *

(injury) n.

Schnittwunde f. adj.

geschnitten adj. n.

Schnitt -e m. (into) v.

einschneiden v. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: cut)

= anschneiden v.

beschneiden v.

kürzen v.

mähen v.

schneiden v.

(§ p.,pp.: schnitt, geschnitten)

English-german dictionary > cut
10 involve

transitive verb

1) (implicate) verwickeln

2) (draw in as a participant)

involve somebody in a game/fight — jemanden an einem Spiel beteiligen/in eine Schlägerei [mit] hineinziehen

become or get involved in a fight — in eine Schlägerei verwickelt werden

be involved in a project — (employed) an einem Projekt mitarbeiten

get involved with somebody — sich mit jemandem einlassen; (sexually, emotionally) eine Beziehung mit jemandem anfangen

3) (include) enthalten; (contain implicitly) beinhalten

4) (be necessarily accompanied by) mit sich bringen; (require as accompaniment) erfordern; (cause, mean) bedeuten

* * *
[in'volv]
verb

1) (to require; to bring as a result: His job involves a lot of travelling.) einschließen

2) ((often with in or with) to cause to take part in or to be mixed up in: He has always been involved in/with the theatre; Don't ask my advice - I don't want to be/get involved.) verwickeln

•

- academic.ru/39201/involved">involved
- involvement
* * *

in·volve

[ɪnˈvɒlv, AM -ˈvɑ:lv]

vt

1.

▪ to \involve sth (include) etw beinhalten; (encompass) etw umfassen; (entail) etw mit sich bringen, etw zur Folge haben; (mean) etw bedeuten

criminal law \involves acts which are harmful to society das Strafrecht beschäftigt sich mit Handlungen, die sich gegen die Gesellschaft richten

what does the work \involve? worin besteht die Arbeit?

the operation \involves putting a tube into the heart während der Operation wird ein Röhrchen ins Herz eingeführt

2. (affect, concern)

▪ to \involve sb/sth jdn/etw betreffen

that doesn't \involve her sie hat damit nichts zu tun

this incident \involves us all dieser Zwischenfall geht uns alle an [o betrifft uns alle]

the person \involved die betreffende Person

3. (feature)

▪ sth \involves sb/sth jd/etw ist an etw dat beteiligt

the accident \involved two cars an dem Unfall waren zwei Fahrzeuge beteiligt

the crime \involved a drug dealing gang an dem Verbrechen war eine Drogenhändlerbande beteiligt

the crime \involved two schoolgirls [as victims] zwei Schulmädchen wurden Opfer dieses Verbrechens

4. (bring in)

▪ to \involve sb in sth jdn an etw dat beteiligen; (unwillingly) jdn in etw akk verwickeln [o hineinziehen]

to \involve sb in a discussion jdn an einer Diskussion beteiligen

to \involve sb in expense jdm Kosten verursachen

to get \involved in sth in etw akk verwickelt [o hineingezogen] werden

I don't want to get \involved ich will damit nichts zu tun haben

▪ to \involve sb in doing sth:

they \involved the staff in designing the packaging sie ließen die Belegschaft am Entwurf der Verpackung mitwirken

you should \involve the kids more in cooking du solltest die Kinder mehr mitkochen lassen

5. (participate)

▪ to \involve oneself in sth sich akk in etw dat engagieren

he's become very \involved in the community er engagiert sich sehr in der Gemeinde

to \involve oneself in local politics sich akk kommunalpolitisch [o in der Kommunalpolitik] engagieren

6. usu passive

▪ to be \involved in sth (be busy with) mit etw dat zu tun haben, mit etw dat beschäftigt sein; (be engrossed) von etw dat gefesselt sein

7. usu passive

▪ to be \involved with sb (have to do with) mit jdm zu tun haben; (relationship) mit jdm eine Beziehung haben; (affair) mit jdm ein Verhältnis haben

* * *
[ɪn'vɒlv]
vt

1) (= entangle) verwickeln (sb in sth jdn in etw acc); (= include) beteiligen (sb in sth jdn an etw dat); (= concern) betreffen

to involve sb in a quarrel — jdn in einen Streit verwickeln or hineinziehen

to involve sb in expense — jdm Kosten verursachen

the book doesn't involve the reader — das Buch fesselt or packt den Leser nicht

it wouldn't involve you at all — du hättest damit gar nichts zu tun

to be involved in sth — etwas mit etw zu tun haben

to get involved in sth — in etw (acc) verwickelt werden; in quarrel, crime etc also in etw (acc) hineingezogen werden

to involve oneself in sth — sich in etw (dat) engagieren

to involve oneself in politics — sich politisch engagieren

I didn't want to get involved — ich wollte damit/mit ihm etc nichts zu tun haben

I didn't want to get too involved — ich wollte mich nicht zu sehr engagieren

a matter of principle is involved — es ist eine Frage des Prinzips, es geht ums Prinzip

the person involved — die betreffende Person

we are all involved in the battle against inflation — der Kampf gegen die Inflation geht uns alle an

to be/get involved with sth — etwas mit etw zu tun haben

he got involved with local politics — er hat sich lokalpolitisch engagiert

to be involved with sb — mit jdm zu tun haben; (sexually) mit jdm ein Verhältnis haben

to be romantically involved (with sb) — eine Liebesbeziehung (zu jdm) haben

he's very involved with her —

he's involved with some shady characters — er hat Umgang mit einigen zwielichtigen Gestalten

to get involved with sb — mit jdm Kontakt bekommen, sich mit jdm einlassen (pej)

I don't want to get involved with them — ich will mit ihnen nichts zu tun haben

he got involved with a girl — er hat eine Beziehung mit einem Mädchen angefangen

2) (= entail) mit sich bringen, zur Folge haben; (= encompass) umfassen; (= mean) bedeuten

what does the job involve? —

this problem involves many separate issues to involve considerable expense/a lot of hard work — dieses Problem umfasst viele verschiedene Punkte or schließt viele verschiedene Punkte ein beträchtliche Kosten/viel Arbeit mit sich bringen or zur Folge haben

such a project involves considerable planning — zu so einem Projekt gehört eine umfangreiche Planung

will the post involve much foreign travel? — ist der Posten mit vielen Auslandsreisen verbunden?

he doesn't understand what's involved in this sort of work — er weiß nicht, worum es bei dieser Arbeit geht

do you realize what's involved in raising a family? — weißt du denn, was es bedeutet, eine Familie großzuziehen?

about £1,000 was involved — es ging dabei um etwa £ 1.000

the job involved 50 workmen — für die Arbeit wurden 50 Arbeiter gebraucht

it would involve moving to Germany — das würde bedeuten, nach Deutschland umzuziehen

finding the oil involved the use of a special drill — um das Öl zu finden, brauchte man einen Spezialbohrer

* * *

involve [ınˈvɒlv; US ınˈvɑlv] v/t

1. a) jemanden verwickeln, hineinziehen ( beide:

in in akk):

I don’t want to get involved ich will damit nichts zu tun haben;

involved in an accident in einen Unfall verwickelt, an einem Unfall beteiligt;

involved in debt verschuldet;

be completely involved in one’s work von seiner Arbeit völlig in Anspruch genommen sein

b) jemanden, etwas angehen, berühren, betreffen:

the persons involved die Betroffenen;

we are all involved (in this case) es (dieser Fall) geht uns alle an, wir sind alle davon (von diesem Fall) betroffen;

feel personally involved sich persönlich betroffen fühlen;

the national prestige was involved das nationale Prestige stand auf dem Spiel;

a question of principle is involved es geht um eine prinzipielle Frage

c) etwas in Mitleidenschaft ziehen:

diseases that involve the nervous system

2. be involved with

a) zu tun haben mit jemandem, etwas,

b) enge Beziehungen haben zu jemandem:

get involved with sb mit jemandem engen Kontakt bekommen, pej sich mit jemandem einlassen;

involve o.s. in sich einsetzen oder engagieren für

3. a) mit sich bringen, zur Folge haben, nach sich ziehen

b) verbunden sein mit:

the expense involved die damit verbundenen Kosten

c) erfordern, nötig machen:

taking the job would involve living abroad wenn ich die Stelle annehme, müsste ich im Ausland leben

d) umfassen, einschließen

4. etwas verwirren, komplizieren:

the situation was further involved by her disappearance

* * *

transitive verb

1) (implicate) verwickeln

2) (draw in as a participant)

involve somebody in a game/fight — jemanden an einem Spiel beteiligen/in eine Schlägerei [mit] hineinziehen

become or get involved in a fight — in eine Schlägerei verwickelt werden

be involved in a project — (employed) an einem Projekt mitarbeiten

get involved with somebody — sich mit jemandem einlassen; (sexually, emotionally) eine Beziehung mit jemandem anfangen

3) (include) enthalten; (contain implicitly) beinhalten

4) (be necessarily accompanied by) mit sich bringen; (require as accompaniment) erfordern; (cause, mean) bedeuten

* * *

(in, with) v.

angehen v.

beteiligen (an) v.

betreffen v. (to be a matter of) v.

gehen um ausdr.

sich drehen um ausdr.

sich handeln um ausdr. v.

bedeuten v.

einschließen v.

erfordern v.

etwas komplizieren ausdr.

hineinziehen v.

involvieren v.

mit sich bringen ausdr.

nach sich ziehen ausdr.

nötig machen ausdr.

umfassen v.

verbunden sein mit ausdr.

verwickeln v.

verwirren v.

zum Gegenstand haben ausdr.

zur Folge haben ausdr.

English-german dictionary > involve
11 cut

[kʌt] n

1) ( act) Schnitt m;

to make a \cut [in sth] [in etw akk] einen Einschnitt machen

2) ( slice) of meat Stück nt; of bread Scheibe f, Schnitte f;

sirloin is the most expensive \cut of beef die Lende ist das teuerste Stück vom Rind;

cold \cuts Aufschnitt m

3) ( trim) Schnitt m;

her hair was in need of a \cut ihre Haare mussten geschnitten werden

4) ( fit) [Zu]schnitt m; of shirt, trousers Schnitt m

5) ( wound) Schnittwunde f, Schnitt m;

deep \cut tiefe Schnittwunde;

to get a \cut sich akk schneiden;

where'd you get that \cut? wo hast du dich denn da geschnitten? ( fam)

6) ( insult) Beleidigung f (at für +akk)

7) (fam: due) [An]teil m;

when am I going to get my \cut? wann bekomme ich meinen Anteil?

8) ( decrease) Senkung f, Herabsetzung f;

\cut in emissions Abgasreduzierung f;

\cut in interest rates Zinssenkung f;

\cut in prices Preissenkung f, Ermäßigung f;

\cut in production Produktionseinschränkung f;

\cut in staff Personalabbau m;

to take a \cut eine Kürzung hinnehmen;

many people have had to take a \cut in their living standards viele Menschen mussten sich mit einer Einschränkung ihres Lebensstandards abfinden

9) ( less spending)

\cuts pl Kürzungen fpl, Streichungen fpl;

budget \cuts Haushaltskürzungen fpl;

to make \cuts in the budget Abstriche am Etat machen

10) ( abridgement) Schnitt m, Streichung f;

to make a \cut in a film eine Szene aus einem Film herausschneiden;

to make \cuts Streichungen vornehmen

11) (Am) ( truancy) Schwänzen nt kein pl ( fam)

to have a \cut schwänzen ( fam)

12) sports

to give the ball a \cut den Ball anschneiden

PHRASES:

the \cut and thrust of sth das Spannungsfeld einer S. gen;

to be a \cut above sb/ sth jdm/etw um einiges überlegen sein adj

inv

1) ( removed) abgeschnitten;

( sliced) bread [auf]geschnitten;

\cut flowers Schnittblumen fpl

2) ( fitted) glass, jewel geschliffen interj film

\cut! Schnitt! vt <-tt-, cut, cut>

1) ( slice)

to \cut sth etw schneiden;

did you already \cut some bread? hast du schon etwas Brot aufgeschnitten?;

to \cut a hole in sth ein Loch in etw akk schneiden;

to \cut sth to pieces [or shreds] etw zerstückeln;

to \cut sth in[to] several pieces etw in mehrere Teile zerschneiden;

how can I \cut this cake in two pieces? wie kann ich diesen Kuchen halbieren?;

to \cut sb/ sth free jdn/etw losschneiden;

( from wreck) jdn/etw herausschneiden;

to \cut sth loose etw losschneiden;

to \cut sth open etw aufschneiden;

to \cut sb sth [or sth for sb] jdm [o für jdn] etw schneiden;

could you \cut me a slice of bread? könntest du mir eine Scheibe Brot abschneiden?;

to \cut sth with sth etw mit etw dat schneiden

2) ( sever)

to \cut sth etw durchschneiden;

she nearly \cut an artery with the new hedge-trimmer sie durchtrennte fast eine Arterie mit der neuen elektrischen Heckenschere

3) ( trim)

to \cut sth etw [ab]schneiden;

to \cut one's fingernails sich dat die Fingernägel schneiden;

to \cut flowers Blumen abschneiden;

to \cut the grass den Rasen mähen;

to \cut sb's hair jdm die Haare schneiden;

to have [or get] one's hair \cut sich dat die Haare schneiden lassen

4) ( injure)

to \cut oneself/sb [with sth] sich/jdn [mit etw dat] schneiden;

I've \cut my hand on that glass ich habe mir die Hand an diesem Glas geschnitten;

he \cut his head open er hat sich den Kopf aufgeschlagen

5) ( clear)

to \cut sth road, tunnel etw bauen; ditch, trench etw graben;

they're planning to \cut a road right through the forest sie planen, eine Straße mitten durch den Wald zu schlagen;

to \cut a swath through sth eine Bahn durch etw akk schneiden

6) ( decrease)

to \cut sth etw senken [o herabsetzen] [o reduzieren];

they should \cut class sizes to 30 die Klassengröße sollte auf 30 Schüler verringert werden;

to \cut costs die Kosten senken;

to \cut one's losses weitere Verluste vermeiden;

to \cut overtime die Überstunden reduzieren;

to \cut prices die Preise herabsetzen [o senken];

to \cut wages die Löhne kürzen;

to \cut sth by sth etw um etw akk kürzen [o reduzieren];

our company is \cutting its workforce by 20 per cent unsere Firma baut 20% ihres Personals ab

7) ( break)

to \cut sth etw unterbrechen;

they \cut our supply lines sie schnitten uns unsere Versorgungslinien ab

8) ( abridge)

to \cut a film einen Film kürzen;

to \cut short <-> sth etw abbrechen;

( interrupt)

to \cut sb short jdn unterbrechen, jdm ins Wort fallen

9) ( remove)

to be \cut from the team aus dem Team entfernt werden;

to \cut a scene in a film eine Szene aus einem Film herausschneiden

10) ( miss)

to \cut sth etw auslassen;

she decided to \cut some of her meetings sie entschied sich, einige ihrer Treffen nicht wahrzunehmen;

to \cut a class [or lesson] / school eine [Unterrichts]stunde/die Schule schwänzen ( fam)

11) ( turn off)

to \cut the motor [or engine] den Motor abstellen

12) (fam: desist from)

to \cut sth behaviour etw [unter]lassen;

to \cut the cackle (Brit, Aus) ( hum) auf den Punkt kommen;

to \cut the crap (sl) mit der Scheiße aufhören ( derb)

13) ( shape)

to \cut a diamond einen Diamanten schleifen

14) auto

to \cut a corner [too sharply] eine Kurve [zu scharf] schneiden

15) to \cut a tooth einen Zahn bekommen, zahnen

16) cards

to \cut the cards die Karten abheben

17) mus

to \cut a record/CD eine Platte/CD aufnehmen

18) comput

to \cut and paste sth etw ausschneiden und einfügen

19) math

to \cut sth etw schneiden

20) sports

to \cut the ball den Ball [an]schneiden

PHRASES:

to \cut capers (dated) Luftsprünge machen;

to \cut the cheese (Am) ( fam) einen fahren lassen ( derb)

you should \cut your coat according to your cloth ( Brit) ( prov) man muss sich akk nach der Decke strecken ( prov)

to be \cut from the same cloth aus dem gleichen Holz geschnitzt sein;

to \cut corners schnell und kostengünstig arbeiten;

to \cut a fine [or quite a] figure [or ( Brit) dash] (dated) eine gute Figur machen;

to \cut the ground from under sb's feet jdm den Boden unter den Füßen wegziehen;

to \cut no [or very little] ice with sb keinen Eindruck auf jdn machen;

to be so thick that you can \cut it with a knife zum Zerreißen gespannt sein;

the tension was so thick in the air that you could \cut it with a knife die Atmosphäre war zum Zerreißen gespannt;

to \cut off one's nose to spite one's face sich akk ins eigene Fleisch schneiden;

to \cut sb to the quick [or heart] jdn ins Mark treffen;

to \cut sb some slack (Am) mit jdm nachsichtig sein;

to \cut a long story short der langen Rede kurzer Sinn, um es kurz zu machen;

to \cut one's teeth [or eye-teeth] [on sth] sich dat die ersten Sporen [mit etw dat] verdienen;

to \cut sb dead jdn schneiden;

today in the store Martha \cut me dead heute im Supermarkt hat Martha mich keines Blickes gewürdigt;

to \cut it [or things] [a bit] fine [or close] [ein bisschen] knapp kalkulieren;

to [not] \cut it [or (Am a.) the mustard] [k]ein hohes Niveau erreichen vi <-tt-, cut, cut>

1) ( slice) knife schneiden

2) ( slice easily) material sich akk schneiden lassen

3) ( take short cut)

to \cut over a field eine Abkürzung über ein Feld nehmen; see also cut across 2, cut over, cut through 3

4) cards abheben;

to \cut for dealer den Geber auslosen

5) (Am) (fam: push in)

to \cut [in line] sich akk vordrängeln;

to \cut in front of sb sich akk vor jdn drängeln;

no \cutting! nicht drängeln!

6) comput

to \cut and paste ausschneiden und einfügen

7) ( withdraw)

to \cut loose from sth sich akk von etw dat trennen

PHRASES:

to \cut to the chase (Am) ( fam) auf den Punkt kommen;

to \cut both [or two] ways eine zweischneidige Sache sein;

to \cut loose (Am, Aus) alle Hemmungen verlieren;

she really \cuts loose when she dances sie tobt sich beim Tanzen richtig aus;

to \cut and run Reißaus nehmen, sich akk aus dem Staub machen

English-German students dictionary > cut

См. также в других словарях:

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war planning staff

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